This paper presents an experimental study on circular stirrup-confined concrete specimens under uniaxial and monotonic load. The effects of stirrup volume ratio, stirrup yield strength and concrete strength on damage evolution of stirrup-confined concrete were investigated. The experimental results showed that the strength and ductility of concrete are improved by appropriate arrangement of the...

The derivation is given of the combined bi-axial bending, compression and shear strength of timber beams. As for other materials the elastic–full plastic limit design approach applies, which is known to precisely explain and predict uniaxial bending strength behaviour. The derivation is based on choosing the location of the neutral line. This provides the stress distribution in the beam cross s...

Introduction: Understanding the impact process of ice-silicate mixtures is of importance, because water ices exist mostly in a variety of forms of mixtures with silicate or some other components (e.g. ammonia) in the solar system. Decrease of crater volume with increasing silicate content was observed in our previous impact cratering experiments of ice-silicate mixture targets performed using a...