A new approach for analyzing cracked problems in 2D orthotropic materials using the well-known element free Galerkin method and orthotropic enrichment functions is proposed. The element free Galerkin method is a meshfree method which enables discontinuous problems to be modeled efficiently. In this study, element free Galerkin is extrinsically enriched by the recently developed crack-tip orthot...

In the present research, a fully Automatic crack propagation as one of the most complicated issues in fracture mechanics is studied whether there is an inclusion or no inclusion in the structures. In this study The Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM) is utilized because of several drawbacks in standard finite element method in crack propagation modeling. Estimated Crack paths are obtained by ...

Many engineering design problems involve a combination of both continuous anddiscrete variables. However, the number of studies scarcely exceeds a few on mixed-variableproblems. In this research Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is employed to solve mixedvariablenonlinear problems. PSO is an efficient method of dealing with nonlinear and non-convexoptimization problems. In this paper,...

Thepresent study proposes a novel mixed-method approach to ascertain and explorethe socio-economic indicators, which help in assessing the impacts of theconstruction rural roads. Rural road infrastructure often has direct orindirect (SEIs) on target population. Assessment ofSEIs poses wide range challenges due their multi-dimensional nature ofvarious factors qualitative quantitative evaluation ...

this paper uses the l1−norm and the concept of the non-dominated vector, topropose a method to find a well-dispersed subset of non-dominated (wdsnd) vectorsof a multi-objective mixed integer linear programming (momilp) problem.the proposed method generalizes the proposed approach by tohidi and razavyan[tohidi g., s. razavyan (2014), determining a well-dispersed subset of non-dominatedvectors of...