We report a simple memory device in which the fullerene-derivative [6,6]-phenyl-C(61) butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) mixed with inert polystyrene (PS) matrix is sandwiched between two aluminum (Al) electrodes. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of PCBM:PS films showed well controlled morphology without forming any aggregates at low weight percentages (<10 wt%) of PCBM in PS. Energy...

Spinless fermions in one dimension with nearest-neighbor transfer amplitude $\ensuremath{-}t$ and interaction $V$ display a Kosterlitz-Thouless-type quantum phase transition from Luttinger liquid metal to charge density wave insulator at finite strength ${V}_{\mathrm{c}}=2t$. The authors use the matrix renormalization group (DMRG) method on rings $L\ensuremath{\le}512$ sites for an accurate loc...

‎The Steiner distance of a graph‎, ‎introduced by Chartrand‎, ‎Oellermann‎, ‎Tian and Zou in 1989‎, ‎is a natural generalization of the‎ ‎concept of classical graph distance‎. ‎For a connected graph $G$ of‎ ‎order at least $2$ and $Ssubseteq V(G)$‎, ‎the Steiner‎ ‎distance $d(S)$ among the vertices of $S$ is the minimum size among‎ ‎all connected subgraphs whose vertex sets contain $S$‎. ‎Let $...

Abstract Earthquake is one of the horrible natural disasters. With considerable developments in constructional science, experts have been able to find out factor forces that cause earthquakes damage and destructions different types buildings, including residential commercial caused by earthquake are high importance need be considered. The multi-story buildings usually weak points building, whic...

We employed a glycogen-depleting session of exercise followed by a low-carbohydrate (CHO) diet to investigate modifications that occur in muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+)-cycling properties compared with low-CHO diet alone. SR properties were assessed in nine untrained males [peak aerobic power (Vo(2 peak)) = 43.6 +/- 2.6 (SE) ml.kg(-1).min(-1)] during prolonged cycle exercise to fatig...

Responses of plant processes to temperature may vary according to the time scale on which they are measured. In this study, both short-term and seasonal responses of photosynthesis to temperature were examined. A field study of seasonal changes in the temperature response of photosynthesis was conducted on two provenances, French and Moroccan, of mature maritime pine ( Pinus pinaster Ait.). Mea...

We study the applicability of distributed, local algorithms to 0/1 max-min LPs where the objective is to maximise mink P v ckvxv subject to P v aivxv ≤ 1 for each i and xv ≥ 0 for each v. Here ckv ∈ {0, 1}, aiv ∈ {0, 1}, and the support sets Vi = {v : aiv > 0} and Vk = {v : ckv > 0} have bounded size; in particular, we study the case |Vk| ≤ 2. Each agent v is responsible for choosing the value ...

Given a graph G = (V;E), a weight function w : E ! R+ and a parameter k we examine a family of maximization problems arising naturally when considering a subset U V of size exactly k. Speci cally we consider the problem of nding a subset U V of size k that maximizes : Max-k-Vertex Cover : the weight of edges incident with vertices in U . Max-k-Dense Subgraph : the weight of edges in the subgrap...

Exploration strategy is an essential part of learning agents in model-based Reinforcement Learning. R-MAX and V-MAX are PAC-MDP strategies proved to have polynomial sample complexity; yet, their exploration behavior tend to be overly cautious in practice. We propose the principle of Increasingly Cautious Optimism (ICO) to automatically cut off unnecessarily cautious exploration, and apply ICO t...