This paper considers the gas phase chemistry in a protoplanetary accretion disk, especially the chemistry initiated in the gas phase by destruction of dust close to the central star. Slow radial particle transport moves gas and dust from the cold outer parts of a protoplanetary accretion disk into its warm central part where chemical reactions in the gas phase are activated. At the same time ga...

Impacts into easily vaporized targets such as dry ice and carbonates generate a rapidly expanding vapor cloud. Laboratory experiments performed ,•n a tenuous atmosphere allow deriving the internal energy of this cloud through well-established and tested theoretical descriptions. A second set of experiments under near-vacuum conditions provides a second measure of energy as the internal energy c...

In this work, large-scale molecular dynamics simulations are conducted to explore the thermal and mechanical phenomena in surface nanostructuring with a laser-assisted scanning tunnelling microscope. Employing a super parallel computer, more than 200 million atoms are modelled to provide substantial details about how the localized thermal and mechanical perturbations result in surface nanostruc...

In recent years, biomimetic cell membrane-derived particles have emerged as a new class of drug delivery system with advantages of biocompatibility, ease of isolation and long circulation profile. Here we report the development and potential theranostic applications of a new biomimetic acoustically-responsive droplet system derived from mammalian red blood cell membrane (RBCM). We hypothesized ...

A parallel molecular dynamics simulation method, designed for large-scale problems, employing dynamic spatial domain decomposition for short-ranged molecular interactions is proposed. In this parallel cellular molecular dynamics (PCMD) simulation method, the link-cell data structure is used to reduce the searching time required for forming the cut-off neighbor list as well as for domain decompo...

INTRODUCTION The electronic cigarette (EC) is a plastic device that imitates conventional cigarettes and was developed to deliver nicotine in a toxin-free vapor. Nicotine in a solution is heated and vaporized when a person puffs through the device and is inhaled as a vapor into the mouth. The EC is a new product on the market and little is known about its safety and nicotine delivery efficacy. ...

Effects of alfalfa-intercropping and nanosilver-impregnation were studied here on the specific gas permeability of 10-year old Populus nigra var. betulifolia. Specimens were impregnated with a 200 ppm aqueous dispersion of silver nanoparticles under 250 kPa pressure; the results were then compared with the un-impregnated specimens. The size range of silver nanoparticles was 10 to 80 nm. After t...

In this paper, a Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic method for detection of chlorinated aromatic compounds in soils was developed. The sensing device of this method was based on an infrared hollow waveguide, the inner surface of which was coated with a hydrophobic film. Vaporized chlorinated aromatic compounds from soils were trapped onto the hydrophobic film of the hollow wavegui...

PURPOSE To compare the in vitro degree of vaporization in bipolar and monopolar resection. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using either a bipolar system or a monopolar system, samples of chicken muscle and lamb kidney were resected in an isolated basin and then desiccated in an incubator. The percentual degree of vaporization for each sample was obtained as a difference between the total fresh weight o...