OBJECTIVES Varicose veins are dilated tortuous veins of varying tone. Purinergic signalling is important in the control of tone and in mediating trophic changes in blood vessels. The expression of P2 receptors in control and varicose veins will be examined. METHODS Purinergic signalling in circular and longitudinal smooth muscle of the human long saphenous vein was studied in control and vari...

BACKGROUND Varicose veins are among the most common ailments of the affluent nations. Primarily it is considered to be caused by valvular dysfunctions, but it may be secondary to other pathologies. This study was conducted to evaluate the unusual secondary causes of varicose veins. METHODS This case-series was conducted at department of vascular surgery Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi f...

Superficial vein thrombosis (SVT) is a common disease, characterized by an inflammatory-thrombotic process in a superficial vein. Typical clinical findings are pain and a warm, tender, reddish cord along the vein. Until recently, no reliable epidemiological data were available. The incidence is estimated to be higher than that of deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) (1/1000). SVT shares many risk factors...

Valve failure with reflux and post-thrombotic syndrome are the factors most commonly correlated with varicose disease. Other rare etiologies can be put forward when these two main causes are ruled out. We report a case in which a young man presented chronic pain in the left tibia, varicose veins in the lower limbs and frequent occurrences of erysipelas. During investigation of the etiology of t...

The significance of strain gauge plethysmography and photoplethysmography in the diagnostics hemodynamic disturbance primary varicose veins is discussed. Both methods have ability to measure volume changes induced by calf pump activity quantify pre-treatment disorders, immediate post-treatment improvement, as well deterioration occurring during follow up. most frequently used parameters are ref...

In 1954 a woman was operated on for bilateral varicose long saphenous veins. The saphenofemoral junctions were tied and the saphenous trunks were stripped from the groin to the ankles. Six months later she returned with almost identical varices. How could they have filled? Reexamination showed that when the veins were emptied, and a tourniquet applied at the groin, on standing they immediately ...

Chronic venous disorders range from telangiactasia or spider veins to varicose veins, venous swellings, skin changes and venous ulcerations. The aim of this study is to assess outcome of varicose vein surgery in the ethnically diverse population of Penang, Malaysia. This study is a retrospective analysis of patients seen from 1999 to 2004. All patients who presented to the outpatient clinic of ...

Primary varicose veins of the upper extremity constitute a rare pathological entity with a few references in the literature, in contrast to those of the lower extremity. The diagnostic approach is necessary in order to eliminate the case of secondary varicose veins, whereas the therapy is similar to those of the lower extremity. We present the case of a 37 year-old male with primary varicose ve...