We address the general issue of resolving the wave vector in complex electromagnetic media including negative refractive media. This requires us to make a physical choice of the sign of a square root imposed merely by conditions of causality. By considering the analytic behavior of the wave vector in the complex plane, it is shown that there are a total of eight physically distinct cases in the...

A simple theoretical analysis and direct numerical simulations on 512(3) grid points suggest that the velocity correlation spectrum tensor in the inertial subrange of homogeneous turbulent shear flow at high Reynolds number is given by a simple form that is an anisotropic function of the wave vector. The tensor is determined by the rate of the strain tensor of the mean flow, the rate of energy ...

Spin density wave (SDW) states of a quasi-one-dimensional system with an incommensu-rate wave vector perpendicular to the chain have been studied in the presence of two kinds of commensurate potentials, which originate in a quarter-filled band and dimerization along the chain. In terms of a phase variable of the SDW order parameter, we treat classically the two-dimensional Hamiltonian, which in...

We have investigated the small-scale structure of the liquid-vapor interface using synchrotron x-ray scattering for liquids with different molecular structures and interactions. The effective momentum-dependent surface energy first decreases from its macroscopic value due to the effect of long-range forces, and then increases with increasing wave vector. The results are analyzed using a recent ...

The plane wave solutions of the three-wave resonant interaction in the plane are considered. It is shown that rank-one constraints over the right derivatives of invertible operators on an arbitrary linear space gives solutions of the three-wave resonant interaction that can be understood as a Darboux transformation of the plane wave solutions. The method is extended further to obtain general Da...

In this Brief Report we investigate the multiscale hydrodynamical response of a liquid as a function of mixture composition. This is done via a series of molecular dynamics simulations in which the wave-vector-dependent viscosity kernel is computed for three mixtures, each with 7-15 different compositions. We observe that the viscosity kernel is dependent on composition for simple atomic mixtur...

In 1945, Rosenbaum and his associates proposed that ventricular pre-excitation should be classified into two types (A and B) according to the configuration of the QRS complexes in the right precordial leads of the scalar electrocardiogram. In type A pre-excitation the delta wave is positive and the S waves are small or absent; in type B the delta wave is negative and the S waves are large. Thou...