THE anatomic sites at which obstruction to the egress of blood from the left ventricle may occur are three in number, as follows (fig. 1): the aorta, the aortic valve, and the subaortic region of the left ventricle. Obstruction in the aorta may involve one of two general areas, namely, (1) the arch or just beyond, the lesions taking the forms of classical coarctation, tubular hypoplasia, or int...

The sonographic appearance of the Dandy-Walker malformation is not well known. Experience with sonography in the recognition of the Dandy-Walker syndrome in four neonates is presented. Three cases were discovered serendipitously: one during obstetric evaluation for uncertain gestational age and two in asymptomatic neonates. The typical sonographic features are a triangular posterior fossa cyst,...

maxillary sinus aplasia and hypoplasia are rare conditions that can cause symptoms such as headaches and voice alteration. the majority of patients are asymptomatic, but these conditions must be noticed for importance of differential diagnosis such as infection and neoplasms. conventional radiographs could not differentiate between infl ammatory mucosal thickening, neoplasm, and hypoplasia of t...

The aim. This study aims to determine the reintervention rate in infantsundergoing aortic arch repair and analyze risk factors evaluate results of reinterventions.
 Materials methods. retrospective examines 445 infants with hypoplasia who under-went reconstruction between 2011 2019. included only patients two-ventricle physiology subsequent repair. Techniques for primary extended end-to-en...

purpose: to describe the clinical findings, preoperative radiologic findings and results of surgery in a patient with congenital bilateral hypoplasia of medial rectus muscle case report: a 50-year-old man presented with large angle incomitant horizontal deviation with marked deficit of adduction of both eyes. mri finding defined very thin medial rectus muscle. intraoperatively medial rectus mus...

BACKGROUND Cdc42 is a member of the Rho GTPase family and functions as a molecular switch in regulating cytoskeleton remodeling and cell polarity establishment. Inactivating Cdc42 in cardiomyocytes resulted in embryonic lethality with heart developmental defects, including ventricular septum defects and thin ventricle wall syndrome. FINDINGS In this study, we have generated a Cdc42 cardiomyoc...

BACKGROUND Rhombencephalosynapsis (RES) is a rare malformation of the posterior cranial fossa, characterized by fusion of the cerebellar hemispheres, medial cerebellar peduncles and dentate nuclei. Over the period of 7 years 8 cases of this anomaly have been diagnosed in two pediatric centers in Warsaw including one on the prenatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MATERIAL/METHODS Material c...

Subtle behavioral and cognitive deficits have been documented in patient cohorts with orofacial clefts (OFCs). Recent neuroimaging studies argue that these traits are associated with structural brain abnormalities but have been limited to adolescent and adult populations where brain plasticity during infancy and childhood may be a confounding factor. Here, we employed high resolution magnetic r...