Annular gas-liquid two phase flow is widely encountered in the nuclear industry. Various combinations of techniques have been employed in annular gas-liquid two phase flows to measure the flow parameters (e.g. liquid film thickness, gas volume fraction and the phase flow rates). One of the most useful techniques which has proven attractive for many multiphase flow applications is the electrical...

Long-term exposure to arsenic, an environmental contaminant, leads to increased risks of cancers. In the present study, we investigated the sequential regulation of Elk-1 and Egr-1 on As3+-induced GADD45α, an effector of G2/M checkpoint. We found that As3+ transcriptionally induced both Elk-1 and Egr-1, and NF-κB binding site was necessary for As3+-induced Egr-1 promoter activity. However, spec...

The proapoptotic BH3-only protein Bim is a crucial regulator of neuronal apoptosis. Previous studies have indicated the involvement of the c-Jun, FOXO1/3a, and B/C-Myb transcription factors in the regulation of Bim during neuronal apoptosis. However, the mechanism underlying the transcriptional regulation of Bim in activity deprivation-induced neuronal apoptosis has remained unclear. The presen...

FasL expressed in tumor cells plays an important role in the escape from immune surveillance by inducing apoptosis in T-cells bearing Fas. Since the Fas/FasL signaling pathway requires transcriptional induction of the FasL gene, elucidation of the precise mechanisms underlying regulation of FasL gene expression may provide useful molecular insights on tumor progression. We and others (Shin, E. ...

The development and illustrative applications of an ambient ionization technique termed Venturi easy ambient sonic-spray ionization (V-EASI) is described. Its dual mode of operation with Venturi self-pumping makes V-EASI applicable to the direct mass spectrometric analysis of both liquid (V(L)-EASI) and solid (V(S)-EASI) samples. V-EASI is simple and easy to assemble, operating solely via the a...

The combined use of Variable Geometry Turbine (VGT) and Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) gives us an opportunity to reduce emissions, without compromising the need to generate more power. In the present work, a multivariable approach is used to tackle the EGR-VGT actuator control problem. A linear multivariable controller is designed using Lyapunov’s Indirect Method, based on the Jacobian matrix...

This paper presents the results of experimental work carried out to evaluate the distribution of cold and hot exhaust gas recirculation between cylinders in a DI diesel engine. The experiments have been conducted on a 3.99 liters turbocharged DI diesel engine under full load condition at 1900rpm in order to distinguish and quantify some effects of hot and cooled EGR with various rates on the EG...

Annular gas-liquid two phase flow is widely encountered in the nuclear industry. Various combinations of techniques have been employed in annular gas-liquid two phase flows to measure the flow parameters (e.g. liquid film thickness, gas volume fraction and the phase flow rates). One of the most useful techniques which has proven attractive for many multiphase flow applications is the electrical...

Droplet size is a fundamental parameter for Venturi scrubber performance. For many years, the correlations proposed by Nukiyama and Tanasawa (1938) and Boll et al. (1974) were used for calculating mean droplet size in Venturi scrubbers with limited operating parameters. This study proposes an alternative approach on the basis of artificial neural networks (ANNs) to determine the mean droplet si...

OBJECTIVE Early growth response protein-1 (Egr-1)/nerve growth factor-induced A (also known as Zif-268, Krox-24, TIS8, ZENK) is a zinc-finger transcription factor which, although expressed in a range of organ systems, has been shown to be essential only in the maintenance of fertility through actions within the endocrine system. In the present study we have investigated the anatomical basis for...