We report a nano-electromechanical optoelectronic (NEMO) tunable vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) with an ultra-thin (145 nm) electrostatically actuated high-index-contrast subwavelength grating (HCG) designed to strongly reflect TE-polarized light. Single mode emission (SMSR >45 dB) and continuous wavelength tuning (approximately 4 nm) were obtained at room temperature with outpu...

We have developed two radiation-hard ASICs for optical data transmission in the ATLAS pixel detector at the LHC at CERN: a driver chip for a Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL) diode for 80 Mbit/s data transmission from the detector, and a Bi-Phase Mark decoder chip to recover the control data and 40 MHz clock received optically by a PIN diode. We have successfully implemented both A...

Noncontact long-range position sensing is desirable for a number of applications. We have designed and fabricated a monolithically integrated vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) and p-type/intrinsic/n-type (PIN) photodetectors for optical position sensing. Calculations using the reflection from a periodic metallic corrugation as a position gauge indicate resolution in the submicron r...

We have fabricated miniature implantable fluorescence sensors for continuous fluorescence sensing applications in living subjects. These monolithically integrated GaAs-based sensors incorporate a 675 nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL), a GaAs PIN photodiode, and a fluorescence emission filter. We demonstrate high detection sensitivity for Cy5.5 far-red dye (50 nanoMolar) in livin...

The Yuni switch architecture, which will be available in silicon later this year, enables a scalable switching platform from multi-gigabits to multi-terabits per second. The solution consists of six custom integrated circuits which utilizes standard CMOS technology, as well as commercially available SRAM’s and high-speed SERDES (serializer/deserializer) chips. The Yuni architecture provides the...

A hybrid micro-macro-optical shuffle interconnection approach is described. The new concept minimizes distortion in multichip smart-pixel shuffle interconnection systems that use macro-optics to link dense arrays of vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) sources and matching arrays of detectors. The typical narrow-beam cones of VCSEL's are exploited by use of beam-deflecting micro-optic...

Square-wave switching of the intensities of the orthogonal linearly polarized components of the output of a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser ~VCSEL! found previously in experiments with polarization-changing optical feedback, is not found in rate equation models incorporating only birefringence and gain anisotropy, but is found in the model for VCSELs developed by San Miguel, Feng, and Mo...

We have mapped the internal pump intensity distribution by monitoring the spontaneous emission intensity along the cleaved edge of an optically pumped vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) using the high spatial resolution and shallow depth of field provided by near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) [1]. The spontaneous emission of quantum wells placed throughout the distributed...

VCSEL arrays in self-interferometry arrangement have the potential to be low cost imaging tool for blood perfusion . The goal of the Action BM1205 is to develop an ultra-compact sensing technology based on the selfmixing interferometer that uses Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser (VCSEL) arrays both for the emission and the detection of light. This technique has high sensitivity, high signa...

We propose a novel design for multi-wavelength arrays of vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) using high-contrast gratings (HCGs) as top mirrors. A range of VCSEL cavity wavelengths in excess of 100 nm is predicted by modifying only the period and duty-cycle of the high-contrast gratings, while leaving the epitaxial layer thickness unchanged. VCSEL arrays fabricated with this novel ...