Previous research has shown an ‘interindividual-intergroup discontinuity effect’: intergroup interactions generally lead to less cooperative outcomes than interindividual interactions. We replicated the discontinuity effect in the deterministic prisoner’s dilemma, but we found that groups were more cooperative than individuals in a stochastic version of the game. Three major factors, greed, fea...

Recently, the use of microtremor techniques for subsoil investigation has increased significantly. The HVSR (Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio) technique allows, in many cases, obtain a seismo-stratigraphic reconstruction and identify areas with similar seismic behavior. However, stratigraphic interpretation peaks still remains subjective choice linked priori information. A non-hierarchical...

ABSTRACT The recent gravity field measurements of Jupiter (Juno) and Saturn (Cassini) confirm the existence deep zonal flows reaching to a depth 5 per cent 15 respective radius. Relating wind-induced density perturbations moments has become major tool characterize interior dynamics gas giants. Previous studies differ with respect assumptions made on how wind velocity relates anomalies, function...

The wide application of GPS carrier-phase (CP) time transfer is limited by the problem of boundary discontinuity (BD). The discontinuity has two categories. One is “day boundary discontinuity,” which has been studied extensively and can be solved by a few methods [1–5]. The other category of discontinuity, called “anomaly boundary discontinuity (anomaly-BD),” comes from a GPS-measurements data ...

This paper shows the advantages of the material failure process simulation by improve finite elements with embedded discontinuities, using a new definition of traction vector, dependent on the discontinuity length and the angle. Particularly, two families of this kind of elements are compared: kinematically optimal symmetric and statically and kinematically optimal non-symmetric. The constituti...