In an attempt to relate the laser-engineered net shaping (LENS) process parameters, laser power and laser travel speed, to the quality of LENS-produced parts, strain measurements were taken at several predetermined points within seven LENS AISI 410 thin plates using the neutron diffraction method. The residual stresses at these points were then calculated using the measured strain values to asc...

Measurements of the yield behaviour of a cohesive bulk solid in the Jenike shear tester are normally done in two steps. First, pre-shearing to a steady state yielding, and secondly, shearing under a lower normal stress to establish the shear stress at incipient failure. Due to the limited strain of the sample in this apparatus, the material must be consolidated in an earlier stage. This is done...

A biomechanical evaluation of the job-related stresses imposed upon a worker is a potential means of reducing the high incidence rates of manual material handling injuries in industry. A biomechanical model consisting of seven rigid links joined at six articulations has been developed for this purpose. Using data from cinematographic analysis of lifting motions the model calculates: (1) body po...

Trabecular bone structure may complement bone volume/total volume fraction (BV/TV) in the prediction of the mechanical properties. Nonetheless, the direct in vivo use of information pertaining to trabecular bone structure necessitates some predictive analytical model linking structure measures to mechanical properties. In this context, the purpose of this study was to combine BV/TV and topologi...

Sandstone intrusions are found in all sedimentary environments but have been reported most commonly from deep-water settings. They also appear to be more frequently developed in tectonically active settings where applied tectonic stresses facilitate development of high fluid pressures within the sediments. A variety of mechanisms have been cited as triggers for clastic intrusions. These include...

Since hydraulic fractures exhibit a strong tendency to propagate in a plane normal to the least principal stress, the preferred plane of propagation under thrust stress regime (Sh > Sv) conditions is horizontal. This can lead to complications in applying the hydrofracture stress measurement technique as horizontal fractures do not directly sample the horizontal stress field. Recent experiences ...

This paper focuses on the investigation carried out on the failure of the MSC Napoli using two-dimensional (2D) symmetric (i.e. vertical bending) hydroelasticity analysis. The aim of the investigation was to assess the influence of whipping-induced loads on the structural strength of this containership. Relevant structural, hydrostatic and operational data were provided. The calculations were c...

1 The marine intertidal is one of the harshest environments on earth. Organisms inhabiting the transition from land to sea are subject to a host of environmental stresses, including temperature variation, dessication stress, wave force, and salinity [1, 2]. The daily tidal cycle is largely responsible for the drastic, rapid temperature fluctuations typical of the intertidal, exposing organisms ...

The “Leipzig Wind Profile” is a unique example of a representative wind distribution in the frictional layer which resulted from MILDNER’S set of 28 pilot-balloon observations with two theodolites on October 20, 1931, near Leipzig for a stable weather situation. It is shown, that the vectors of geostrophic motion and ground drag follow from the wind profile when a scalar austausch is assumed. T...

Ice streams are distinct, fast-flowing regimes within ice sheets that exhibit fundamentally different characteristics as compared to the slow-moving inner parts of the ice sheets. While alongflow surface profiles of ice sheets are typically convex, some ice streams show linearly sloping or even concave surface profiles. We use observational data of the Siple Coast in Antarctica to inversely cal...