The decay KL → π0e+e− is being searched for as a signal of direct ∆S = 1 CP violation. We provide a thorough updating of the analysis of the three components of the decay: 1) Direct CP violation, 2) CP violation through the mass matrix and 3) CPconserving (two-photon) contributions. First the chiral calculation of the KS → π0e+e− rate, due to Ecker, Pich and de Rafael (EPR), is updated to inclu...

In this paper we introduce a formal attacker model for normative multi-agent systems. In this context, an attacker is an agent trying to profit from norm violation, for example because the violation is not detected, it is not being sanctioned, or the sanction is less than the profit of violation. To deliberate about norm violations, an attacker has a self model and a model of the normative mult...

Non-standard physics which can be described by effective four fermion interactions may be an additional source of CP violation in the neutrino propagation. We discuss the detectability of such a CP violation at a neutrino factory. We assume the current baseline setup of the international design study of a neutrino factory (IDS-NF) for the simulation. We find that the CP violation from certain n...

Stimulated by the idea of PRISM, a very high intensity muon ring with rather low energy, we consider possibilities of observing CP-violation effects in neutrino oscillation experiments. Destructive sum of matter effect and CP-violation effect can be avoided with use of initial νe beam. We finally show that the experiment with (a few) × 100 MeV of neutrino energy and (a few) × 100 km of baseline...

We examine the isospin violation in the timelike pion form factor near threshold at next-to-leading order in the chiral expansion using the techniques of Chiral Perturbation Theory. This next-to-leading order contribution contains the first nonvanishing isospin violation. This isospin violation is found to be very small near threshold. In particular, the isospin violation at threshold is found ...

The origin and nature of CP violation is one of the most important questions in elementary particle physics, and studies of B meson decay are expected to be the key to understanding this phenomenon. Most B meson decay results come from experiments at e + e ? colliders, and this type of facility will play a major role in elucidating CP violation. I discuss the contributions toward understanding ...

Stimulated by the idea of PRISM, a very high intensity muon ring with rather low energy, we consider possibilities of observing CP-violation effects in neutrino oscillation experiments. More than 10% of CP-violation effect can be seen within the experimentally allowed region. Destructive sum of matter effect and CP-violation effect can be avoided with use of initial νe beam. We finally show tha...

For the first time, charge symmetry breaking terms in parton distribution functions have been included in a global fit to high energy data. We review the results obtained for both valence and sea quark charge symmetry violation, and we compare these results with the most stringent experimental upper limits on charge symmetry violation for parton distribution functions, and with theoretical esti...

The standard Bell inequality experiments test for violation of local realism by repeatedly making local measurements on individual copies of an entangled quantum state. Here we investigate the possibility of increasing the violation of a Bell inequality by making collective measurements. We show that the nonlocality of bipartite pure entangled states, quantified by their maximal violation of th...

Since the 1964 discovery of KL → π+π− [1], understanding CP violation has been a major goal of particle physics. Subsequent experiments showed that the dominant mechanism of CP violation in neutral kaons (still the only particle system in which CP violation has been observed) is a small asymmetry between K0 → K and K → K0 mixing. This asymmetry, referred to as indirect CP violation, results in ...