Estimation of the initial state turbulent channel flow from limited data is investigated using an adjoint-variational approach. The are generated a reference direct numerical simulation (DNS) which sub-sampled at different spatiotemporal resolutions. When velocity 1/4096 resolution DNS, correlation coefficient between true and estimated exceeds 99 percent. robustness algorithm to observation no...

One key challenge for increasing the throughput of future wireless local area networks at higher layers is matching the capabilities of the physical (PHY) layer with the need of exchanging small control messages at these higher layers. The bottleneck in this regard lies at the medium access control (MAC) layer that may waste considerable channel resources in the transmission of these small pack...

Changes in the transport parameters and the chemical nature of the surface of composite polyamide/polysulfone membranes due to both aging and treatment with chemical products (HCl, H(3)NO, and NaOH) have been considered. Hydraulic and salt permeability were obtained from water flow and salt diffusion measurements, respectively, and their values seem to indicate a modification in the structural ...

In this paper, we introduce a new physical concept referred to as the wall-normal Lamb dilatation flux (WNLDF), which is defined derivative of (namely, divergence vector) multiplied by dynamic viscosity for incompressible viscous flows. It proved that boundary (BLDF, namely at wall) determined enstrophy (BEF) and surface curvature-induced contribution. As first step explore concept, present stu...

The problem of Reynolds-averaged modeling turbulent boundary-layer flow over surfaces arbitrary roughness is studied using the results direct numerical simulations many different rough surfaces. complexity in sublayer such that most effective general strategy appears to be model it as a prescribed velocity profile, either at coarse level conventional roughness-specific log-linear wall function,...

-In this paper we present some of the most practical problems of convective heat transport to or from a rigid surface, the flow in the vicinity of the body is in turbulent motion. On the hand, at the solid-fluid interface itself, the noslip boundary condition ensures that turbulent velocity fluctuations vanish. But, at the wall, the diffusive transport of heat and momentum in the fluid is preci...

The onset of convection in the power-law creep regime on the silicate and icy planetary bodies requires a finite amplitude initial erturbation. This is a nonlinear problem and thus, both the amplitude and shape of the perturbation are important. We performed umerical simulations of the onset of convection in a two-dimensional layer with a fixed temperature contrast between the boundaries nd in ...

The retina is a highly specialised part of the brain responsible for visual processing. It is well-laminated; three layers containing five different types of neurons are compartmentalised by two synaptic layers. Among the retinal layers, the inner nuclear layer (INL) is composed of horizontal, bipolar, and amacrine cell types. Bipolar cells form one sublayer in the distal half of the IPL, while...

The objectives in this study were to deterrnine the through-thickness elastic constant of fiber-epoxy/metal composites with ultrasonic measurements and determine the elastic constants of the constituent layers. The specimens that we studied consist of alternaring layers of aluminum (2024 TI) and fiber-epoxy [1], all of which are 200 to 300 jlm thick. As Figure 1 indicates the outer two layers o...

This numerical study based on high-order finite-difference schemes presents LES-NWR (Large Eddy Simulation with near-wall resolution) of turbulent channel flows up to Reτ=5200 using non-explicit approaches for which dissipation is introduced via the discretisation viscous terms Navier-Stokes equations. These models are cheaper than explicit LES as no extra needed in equations account contributi...