Abstract Recent research has confirmed the predictive effect of general foreign language (FL) achievement on Foreign Language Enjoyment (FLE) and Classroom Anxiety (FLCA). However, few studies have examined domain-specific in shaping FL learning emotions. The present study thus aims to examine how FLE FLCA are linked overall self-perceived six different domains across listening, speaking, readi...

This study aims at investigating the effect of dynamic assessment (DA) on L2 writing achievement if applied via blogging as a Web 2.0 tool, as well as examining which pattern of interaction is more conducive to learning in such an environment. The results of the study indicate that using weblogs to provide mediation contributes to the enhancement of the overall writing performance, vocabulary a...

PURPOSE We investigated a small-group intervention designed to teach vocabulary and comprehension skills to preschoolers who were at risk for language and reading disabilities. These language skills are important and reliable predictors of later academic achievement. METHOD Preschoolers heard prerecorded stories 3 times per week over the course of a school year. A cluster randomized design wa...

The objective of this research is to find out the significant effect applying pictures on students’ achievement in mastering vocabularies. was conducted at MTs. Hidayatullah Tanjung Morawa Medan. method used experimental design. total population 60 students seventh grade. There were two parallel classes that selected as samples by using cluster random sampling technique. One class an group taug...

This study used keyword method during encoding information in transferring information from short term memory to make the retrieval easier. For this purpose, 50 adult female elementary students were chosen to participate in this study. This study required two groups of learners (control and experimental groups). The experimental group enjoyed some special flashcards which each of them involved ...

BACKGROUND Early life growth failure and resulting cognitive deficits are often assumed to be very difficult to reverse after infancy. OBJECTIVE We used data from Young Lives, which is an observational cohort of 8062 children in Ethiopia, India, Peru, and Vietnam, to determine whether changes in growth after infancy are associated with schooling and cognitive achievement at age 8 y. DESIGN ...

OBJECTIVE Pediatric sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) has a disproportionately high prevalence in children who were preterm infants (preterm children) and is associated with behavioral comorbidity. Exposure to intermittent hypoxemia and sleep disruption may contribute to cognitive impairment. We quantified the association of SDB with cognition and achievement and determined whether preterm child...