We present a CMOS circuit that utilizes the back-gate effect to extend the linear range of a subthreshold MOS transconductor. Previous designs of wide-linear-range transconductors using bipolar transistors employed multiple differential pairs with input offset voltages used to shift the individual transfer functions. These voltages were chosen to maximize the linear range of the summed differen...

The paper aims to assess sources of error in attempting to meet standards for the measurement and reporting of negative sequence voltage unbalance. This is of importance when making use of low performance instrumentation where three difficulties may arise: (i) rms voltages rather than the fundamental is used; (ii) the magnitude but not the phase of line-neutral voltages are available; and (iii)...

Abstract We study the behavior of variance difference energies for putting an additional electric unit charge at two different locations in two-dimensional lattice Coulomb gas high-temperature regime. For this, we exploit duality between this model and a discrete Gaussian model. Our estimates follow from spontaneous symmetry breaking latter

The rapid increase of non-linear loads in the last three decades has caused electrical quantities such as voltages and currents in 3-phase distribution systems to become distorted waveforms. This paper reviews, explains and discusses some new concepts, definitions and new available theory in the unbalanced and distorted systems. The usefulness of the proposed practical definitions is investigat...

this paper presents a new control method for a three-phase four-wire unified power quality conditioner (upqc) to deal with the problems of power quality under distortional and unbalanced load conditions. the proposed control approach is the combination of instantaneous power theory and synchronous reference frame (srf) theory which is optimized by using a self-tuning filter (stf) and without us...

introduction: we have recently reported the presence of two potassium currents with 598 and 368 ps conductance in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rer) membrane. the 598 ps channel was voltage dependent and atp sensitive. however, the 368 ps channel was rarely observed and its identity remained obscure. since cationic channels in intracellular organelles such as mitochondria and rer play import...