We reveal in this paper that the environmental noise will not only suppress a potential population explosion in the stochastic delay Lotka–Volterra model but will also make the solutions to be stochastically ultimately bounded. To reveal these interesting facts, we stochastically perturb the delay Lotka–Volterra model ẋ(t) = diag(x1(t), . . . , xn(t))[b + Ax(t − τ)] into the Itô form dx(t)= dia...

Consider a stochastic difference equation xi+1 = Gi [xi, xi−1, . . . , x0] + fi [xi, xi−1, . . . , x0] + k0 ∑ k=0 σi−k [xi−k, xi−k−1, . . . , x0] ξi+1−k, (1) with the Volterra type nonlinear main term G and the Volterra type noise f + ∑k0 k=0 σi−kξi+1−k. Functions Gi, fi, σi are random while ξi is a martingale-difference. In general, k0 ≥ 1 so Eqn (1) cannot be considered as a stochastic equati...

‎‎In this paper, Solvability nonlinear Volterra integral equations with general vanishing delays is stated. So far sinc methods for approximating the solutions of Volterra integral equations have received considerable attention mainly due to their high accuracy. These approximations converge rapidly to the exact solutions as number sinc points increases. Here the numerical solution of nonlinear...

We propose a minimal model of the dynamics of diversity-replicator equations with extinction, invasion and mutation. We numerically study the behavior of this simple model and show that it displays completely different behavior from the conventional replicator equation and the generalized Lotka-Volterra equation. We reach several significant conclusions as follows: (1) a complex ecosystem can e...

In this paper, a reliable iterative approach, for solving a wide range of linear and nonlinear Volterra-Fredholm integral equations is established. First the approach considers a discretized form of the integral terms where considering some conditions on the kernel of the integral equation it is proved that solution of the discretized form converges to the exact solution of the problem. Then th...

‎in this paper‎, ‎we construct a new iterative method for solving nonlinear volterra integral equation of second kind‎, ‎by approximating the legendre polynomial basis‎. ‎error analysis is worked using banach fixed point theorem‎. ‎we compute the approximate solution without using numerical method‎. ‎finally‎, ‎some examples are given to compare the results with some of the existing methods‎.

The initial-value problem for the focusing nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation is solved numerically by following the various steps of the inverse scattering transform. Starting from the initial value of the solution, a Volterra integral equation is solved followed by three FFT to arrive at the reflection coefficient and initial Marchenko kernel. By convolution these initial data are propagate...

This article proposes a fast and accurate expansion-iterative method for solving second kind linear Volterra integral equations. The method is based on a special representation of vector forms of triangular functions (TFs) and their operational matrix of integration. By using this approach, solving the integral equation reduces to solve a recurrence relation. The approximate solution of integra...

The aim of this paper is solving nonlinear Volterra-Fredholm fractional integro-differential equations with mixed boundary conditions‎. ‎The basic idea is to convert fractional integro-differential equation to a type of second kind Fredholm integral equation‎. ‎Then the obtained Fredholm integral equation will be solved with Nystr"{o}m and Newton-Kantorovitch method‎.  ‎Numerical tests for demo...