This study examines the reasons for officiating soccer among Norwegian elite and non-elite referees. Eighty-three elite referees and 44 non-elite referees completed a web-based questionnaire (SurveyXact) that solicited their three main reasons for officiating soccer. The data were obtained by bracketing, intuiting, and describing their different reasons. Three main categories of descriptions em...

Abstract Referees play a central role in every sport. Particularly at national level, referees must meet ever higher demands due to increasing professionalisation. While cognitive and conditional aspects have already been investigated intensively, personality traits of handball so far only received little attention. In addition profound understanding the game knowledge rules, however, it is pre...

Introducrion: although the mortality rate among soccer players is low, it causes much impact on entire community and a fascinating conundrum. Objetive: to evaluate cardiovascular risk of referees, describe frequency considering age groups younger older than 35 years old relate Framingham PROCAM indices for comparison in referees. Methods: We analyzed 50 referees Paulista Soccer Federation subje...

in addition to the researchers, referees have important roles for publishing a valuable scholarly paper. a scientific work is evaluated in different phases from the beginning till it is published. in each of these phases, unpleasant experiences may happen for researchers and referees. researchers as the producers of scientific papers experience research anxiety, library anxiety, information see...

OBJECTIVE To analyze the extent and characteristics of injuries and musculoskeletal complaints in elite football referees and to analyze differences between match and assistant referees. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Training camp organized by the Swiss Referees Association. PARTICIPANTS All 71 referees of the 2 top divisions of the Swiss Football League (2005-2006 season). ...

Within the football and futsal refereeing context, even though referees work within teams, there is very little research considering implications of team dynamics. In response, this study starts to address gap in literature by investigating moderating effect mental models on relationship between self-efficacy beliefs perceptions adaptation exciting context professional national refereeing. We o...