INTRODUCTION Anaerobic technology have been successful applied for industrial waste water treatment. High reaction rate per unit volume by retaining the biomass in the reactor independently of the incoming waste water flow and concentration. Often high volumetric loading rates in the order of 10 to 40 kg COD/m.d are used. High rate anaerobic biological reactors may be classified into three broa...

A big problem in analysis of movement data (trajectories of moving agents) is how to visualize clusters of trajectories so as to have an overview of all clusters and to be able to compare different clusters. Clusters of trajectories are not disjoint in space but intersect and overlap. Hence, they need to be shown separately in multiple small displays. Such displays can be legible only if the cl...

Three-dimensional (3D) information on blood flow and vessel morphology is important when assessing cerebrovascular disease and when monitoring interventions. Rotational angiography is nowadays routinely used to determine the geometry of the cerebral vasculature. To this end, contrast agent is injected into one of the supplying arteries and the x-ray system rotates around the head of the patient...

*Correspondence: Laurent Talon, CNRS, FAST, Université de Paris-Sud, Bât. 502, Campus University, Orsay, F–91405, France e-mail: [email protected] We derive the volumetric flow rate vs. pressure drop of a Bingham fluid in one-dimensional channels of variable apertures in the lubrication approximation. A characteristic length scale, a∗ characterizing the flow is introduced in order to disting...

in the management and evaluation of asthma, simple instruments for measurements of peak expiratory flow rate (pefr) are necessary. the aim of this study was to determine normal pefr of the healthy children in babol, iran. this study was randomly done on 1050 students (primary and secondary schools) in babol. mini-wright peak flow meter was used for measurement of pefr. the range of age, weight ...

soil detachment is known as an important process in soil erosion and its quantification is necessary to establish a basic understanding of erosion. this study was carried out to find the best flow erosivity indicator(s) for predicting detachment rate at low slopes. for this purpose, 12 experiments including 6 flow discharges (75, 100, 125, 150, 175 and 200 ml/s) and 2 slope gradients (1.5 and 2...

Measuring the volume of a bubble, especially at its detachment, is a basic subject in gas-liquid two-phase flow research. A new indirect method for this measurement under constant flow conditions is presented. An electronic device is designed and constructed based on laser beam intensity. This device calculates the frequency of the bubble formation by measuring the total time of the formation p...

Detection and sorting of particles and cells in a continuous flow stream is of great importance to downstream biological studies and high-throughput screening. Many particle separation techniques require peripheral devices, complex channel designs or setups that can limit the process and its applications. Here, we present a smart-phone attachable continuous flow magnetic focusing device as an i...