As an important factor to be considered, rapid population growth, lack of resources and appropriate management has led the natural hazards threatening human societies increasingly. Although it is impossible to eliminate the effects of natural hazards, however, risk reduction and risk cities against natural phenomena has become the main topics of urban planning and design in recent years. Iran i...

Introduction: Mining is one of the most effective human activities to change the situation in the region, particularly in arid area. The human demand for minerals and energy resources under the ground has made mining and exploration operations inevitable. Mining is one of the common human behaviors with numerous outcomes for the ecosystem along with serious environmental and ecological conseque...

Economic vulnerability shows the exposure of the economy to exogenous shocks and deviations from the path of growth and development. On the other hand, the resilience of the economy is the ability to recover the mentioned path of growth and development. Therefore, these two factors determine the level of welfare of the economy. Since the production factor productivity is the most important vari...

Stress is a type of person-environment relationship which is appraised by the individual as stressful or beyond one’s own resources and, as a results, threatens the individual’s wellbeing and welfare. The aim of the present study was to investigate the variables of resilience, coping strategies, and social support as predictors of vulnerability to stress among students. The participants consist...

Objective: The purpose of this study was developing the healthy behavior to change the attitude of students in order to decrease their tendency towards substance abuse and Reduction of Addiction Vulnerability Level. Method: This research was carried out by two methods of descriptive-analytic and quasi experimental design. First, 60 students of Shahid Beheshti University were selected randomly (...

Backgrounds: The conditions in which an individual or society is under tension due to social, economic, and environmental changes are called vulnerability. Vulnerability of rangeland beneficiaries and subsequent poverty of beneficiaries has caused unsustainable operation of rangelands. On the other hand, the degree pf vulnerability of rangeland beneficiaries in areas with more rainfall restrict...