Composites of wind speeds, equivalent potential temperature, mean sea level pressure, vertical velocity, and relative humidity have been produced for the 100 most intense extratropical cyclones in the Northern Hemisphere winter for the 40-yr ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-40) and the high resolution global environment model (HiGEM). Features of conceptual models of cyclone structure—the warm conveyor b...

Upwellings are observed on the northern shelf of Taiwan during northeasterly winds. Analytical and realistic numerical models are used to explain how vertical motions are created by divergence and convergence produced by wind acting on the vorticity field of two strong jets: the Kuroshio and the Taiwan Warm Current. The seaward increase in cyclonic vorticity near the Kuroshio’s western edge fav...

In the summer following a strong El Niño, tropical cyclone (TC) number decreases over the Northwest (NW) Pacific despite little change in local sea surface temperature. The authors’ analysis suggests El Niño– induced tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) warming as the cause. The TIO warming forces a warm tropospheric Kelvin wave that propagates into the western Pacific. Inducing surface divergence off t...

In the summer following a strong El Nino, tropical cyclone (TC) number decreases over the Northwest (NW) Pacific despite little change in local sea surface temperature. Our analysis suggests El Nino-induced tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) warming as the cause. The TIO warming forces a warm tropospheric Kelvin wave that propagates into the western Pacific. Inducing surface divergence off the equator...

INTRODUCTION One of the key factors in successful endodontic therapy is to adequately fill the root canals. The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the quality of four different root canal obturation techniques: cold lateral condensation (CLC), warm vertical condensation (WVC), Obtura II (OII) and Gutta Flow (GF) by using micro-computed tomography (micro CT). MATERIALS AND METHODS A tot...