Snow cover is often measured as snow water equivalent (SWE), which refers to the amount of water stored in a snow-pack that would be available upon melting. Snow cover and SWE represent the source of local snow melt release, and are sensitive to regional and global atmospheric circulation, and changes in climate. Monitoring SWE using satellite-based passive microwave radiometry has provided nea...

A well-supported phylogeny is presented from both chloroplast DNA (the trnL/F region) and two regions of nuclear rDNA (ITS [internal transcribed spacer] and ETS [external transcribed spacer]) with nearly complete sampling for Mimulus (Phrymaceae) in western North America. Three separate genera are derived from within the clade that contains all the Mimulus species in western North America. The ...

D endrochronology's rich tradition has foundations rooted in the works of da Vinci and MalpighF. Although the main stem of principles was developed by A.E. Douglass (see Ref. 1), one branch of dendrochronology actually pre-dates his work. The association between narrow tree rings and damage by insects, hail and frost was recognized by Hartig in Europe at the end of the last century!. The impact...

There is growing interest in the use of dietary patterns as measures of exposure in studies of diet-disease relationships. However, relatively little is known about the impact of the type of dietary assessment method on the patterns observed. Using FFQ and food diary data collected from 585 women in early pregnancy we used principal component analysis to define dietary patterns. The first patte...

A retrospective assessment of clinical characteristics, complications/ associations, laboratory investigations, treatment modalities and outcome in an inceptional cohort of 22 (male-13) children with juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) receiving treatment at Jaslok Hospital, Mumbai during 1997- 2012 was performed . Mean age at diagnosis was 7.52 ± 3.99 years. Typical skin rash and muscle weakness we...

BACKGROUND Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in New South Wales (NSW). There is a significantly higher incidence of lung cancer in the South Western Sydney Area Health Service (SWSAHS) than the NSW average. The aim of this study was to document patterns of lung cancer care for SWSAHS residents. METHODS SWSAHS residents diagnosed with lung cancer in 1993 and 1996 were identifie...

Aharon Kempinski and Wolf-Dietrich Niemeier excavated Tel Kabri, in the western Galilee region of Israel (fig. 1), in the late 1980s and early 1990s (Kempinski, Scheftelowitz, and Oren 2002). They found that during the Middle Bronze Age (MB) II period (ca. 1750–1600 b.c.) the site had been the center of a strong coastal polity. In size and importance, it may have been second only to Hazor in th...

BACKGROUND The clinical picture of blepharoptosis varies from a cosmetic problem to severe visual dysfunction depending on the pathogenesis and the degree of ptosis. OBJECTIVE To study the type, pattern and causes of ptosis in patients seeking oculopastic care in western Terai of Nepal Patients and methods: A retrospective descriptive hospital based was carried out over a period of 2 years in...

The extent to which sharks segregate by size and sex determines the population structure and the scale at which populations should be managed. We summarized 20 years of fisheries-dependent and independent sampling to define the spatial patterns of size and sexual segregation for sharks in Western Australia. Carcharhinus obscurus and C. plumbeus showed a large-scale (more than 1000 km) latitudin...

The Himalayan mountain forest ecosystem has been degrading since the British ruled the area in the 1850s. Local understanding of the patterns and processes of degradation is desperately required to devise management strategies to halt this degradation and provide long-term sustainability. This work comprises a satellite image based study in combination with national expert validation to generat...