This review gives an overview of the mechanisms of action of oral emergency contraception pills (ECPs), focusing on the levonorgestrel (LNG) and ulipristal acetate (UPA) containing ECPs. In vivo and in vitro studies have addressed the effect of EC on various possible targets. Based on these studies as well as on clinical trials it is clear that the efficacy of ECPs to prevent an unintended preg...

Multiple sequence alignment is an important problem in computational biology. A-star is an algorithm that can be used to find exact alignments. We present a simple modification of the A-star algorithm that improves much multiple sequence alignment, both in time and memory, at the cost of a small accuracy loss. It consists in overestimating the admissible heuristic. A typical speedup for random ...

Where did we lose in this argument? First, whenever you do a union bound, you’re overestimating the probability of the bad event. In particular, this can be a gross overestimate if many labelings are similar to each other, because then if the random swapping of one pair is unlikely to cause harm, then swapping another close one is unlikely to cause harm. Next lecture, we will find a way to get ...

The intrinsic properties of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) such as their ad-hoc infrastructure, energy constraints, and limited availability of resources, constitute an unfavorable environment for end-to-end timeliness guarantees. Many existing solutions are based on a timeliness notion borrowed from real-time systems, which can only express strict end-to-end deadlines for individual messages. ...