introduction water quality refers to the chemical, physical and biological characteristics of water. it is a measure of the condition of water relative to the requirements of one or more biotic species and or to any human need or purpose. it is most frequently used by reference to a set of standards against which compliance can be assessed. the most common standards used to assess water quality...

BACKGROUND The National Center for Health Statistics/World Health Organization (NCHS/WHO) reference is considered unsuitable for assessing the nutritional status of breastfed children. It is gradually being replaced by the WHO Child Growth Standards in many countries. OBJECTIVE To assess the implications of adopting the WHO Child Growth Standards to classify Indonesian children according to n...

background: various chemicals are used to produce polymers ,leakage of polymer materials over the time , can cause health problems the aim of this research was to evaluate the leakage of heavy metals from the pvc and polypropylene pipes used in the water distribution system in isfahan. methods: four brands of pp pipes and two various types of pvc pipes were analyzed in this study. concentration...

In this paper I criticize the current standards for the acceptability of expert testimony in current US legislation. The standards have been the subject of much academic literature after the Frye and Daubert cases. I expose what I call the Paradox of Proof, and argue that the historical and current standards have sidestepped the problem of determining who is an expert and who is not in a court ...

China's Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) standards that mainly parallel WHO standards were made compulsory in 2004. However, GMP implementation had both positive as well as negative impacts on the pharmaceutical industry, with negatives including pharmaceutical companies suffering economic hardships, poor execution of GMP standards, and sequent health scares. This report briefly describes the ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of nutritional support on clinical outcomes in patients at nutritional risk who receive nutritional support that meets guideline standards and those who do not. METHODS This prospective cohort study enrolled hospitalized patients from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from February 2010 to June 2012. The research protocols were ap...

aims: heavy metals in the environment are toxic to plants, animals and human. this study aimed to investigate concentration of arsenic, lead and cadmium in iranian and non-iranian rice which have been sold in kashan city, iran shops.  materials & methods: in this cross-sectional study, 126 samples from 42 trademarks (15 iranian and 27 non-iranian) rice were collected from kashan shopping center...

BACKGROUND Japanese encephalitis (JE) is the most important form of viral encephalitis in Asia. Surveillance for the disease in many countries has been limited. To improve collection of accurate surveillance data in order to increase understanding of the full impact of JE and monitor control programs, World Health Organization (WHO) Recommended Standards for JE Surveillance have been developed....