The relationship between business tructures and their social and cultural setting has long interested economic historians. North [16] and Williamson [24] place information concerns at the center of their analyses of organizations and institutions. According to North, institutional arrangements, which consist of formal and informal constraints (respectively laws and behavioral codes), represent ...

Abstract Background: Selectable marker gene (SMG) systems are critical for generation of transgenic crops. Transgenic crop production Background: Selectable marker gene (SMG) systems are critical for generation of transgenic crops. Transgenic crop production without using SMG is not economically feasible. However, SMGs are non-essential once an intact transgenic plant has been established. Eli...

-In view of the relatively poor prognosis for patients after surgery for locally invasive colorectal cancer a trial of repeated systemic infusions of Corynebacterium parvum (CP) has been carried out. It is in this group of patients, with a high risk of recurrence from small residues of cancer left by the surgeon, that immunotherapy should have its optimum chance of success. A total of 92 patien...

Homoclinic snaking is a term used to describe the back and forth oscillation of a branch of time-independent spatially localized states in a bistable spatially reversible system as the localized structure grows in length by repeatedly adding rolls on either side. On the real line this process continues forever. In finite domains snaking terminates once the domain is filled but the details of ho...

    Abstract   Extended Oligopoly models will be introduced and examined in which the firms might face capacity limits, thresholds for minimal and maximal moves, and antitrust thresholds in the case of partial cooperation. Similar situation occurs when there is an additional cost of output adjustment, which is discontinuous at zero due to set-up costs. In these cases the payoff functions of the...

Social semantic data are becoming a reality, but apparently their streaming nature has been ignored so far. Streams, being unbounded sequences of time-varying data elements, should not be treated as persistent data to be stored “forever” and queried on demand, but rather as transient data to be consumed on the fly by queries which are registered once and for all and keep analyzing such streams,...

We consider a model of liquidity demand arising from a possible maturity mismatch between asset revenues and consumption. This liquidity demand can be met with either cash reserves (inside liquidity) or via asset sales for cash (outside liquidity). The questions we address are: (a) what determines the mix of inside and outside liquidity in equilibrium? (b) does the market provide an efficient m...