In stressful environments, facilitation often aids plant establishment, but invasive plant pathogens may potentially disrupt these interactions. In many treeline communities in the northern Rocky Mountains of the U.S. and Canada, Pinus albicaulis, a stress-tolerant pine, initiates tree islands at higher frequencies than other conifers - that is, leads to leeward tree establishment more frequent...

Soil-root plate dimensions and structural root architecture were examined on 46-year-old Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.) trees that had been mechanically uprooted. Rooting depth was restricted by a water table, and root system morphology had adapted to resist the wind movement associated with shallow rooting. The spread of the root system and the ratio of root mass to shoot mass (...

Due to a rapid decrease in fossil fuel resources and ever-growing carbon emissions, clean energy is urgently needed as vital solution. In the past two decades, harvesting from ambient environment has attracted much attention. Flow induced vibration performance of cylinder with fins attached were investigated. Four configurations studied: plain cylinder, windward fins, leeward four fins. These c...

Flat and cylindrical adhesive boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis grandis Boheman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), pheromone traps captured significantly more (P < or = 0.05) boll weevils than the Hercon (Hercon Environmental, Emigsville, PA) trap during the late cotton-growing season, and larger adhesive areas were associated with higher captures; a flat plywood board collected the most boll weevils b...

This paper investigates the kinematic flow and precipitation evolution of a winter storm over and upstream of the Wasatch Mountains (IPEX IOP3) using a multiply nested version of the Pennsylvania State University-National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Mesoscale Model (MM5). Validation using in-situ aircraft data, radiosondes, ground-based radar, and surface observations showed that the...

The variable-area pintle injector has unique geometry and spray characteristics compared to traditional coaxial injectors, is advantageous for weight lightening deep throttling of liquid rocket engines. To obtain an accurate prediction the windward distribution a gas–liquid with discrete radial orifices, element using air water as simulants was designed experiments in atmospheric environment. a...

The rough-toothed dolphin (Steno bredanensis) has been described as a primarily pelagic cetacean species that is found in tropical and subtropical oceans throughout the world. Information on distributional patterns or habitat preference in most regions where S. bredanensis has been reported is limited. This study reports on the distribution of S. bredanensis around the Windward Islands of Frenc...

The Ordos Basin of China encompasses the Mu Us Desert in the northwest and the Chinese Loess Plateau to the south and east. The boundary between the mostly internally drained Mu Us Desert and fluvially incised Loess Plateau is an erosional escarpment, up to 400 m in relief, composed of Quaternary loess. Linear ridges, with lengths of ~102–103 m, are formed in Cretaceous–Quaternary strata throug...