designing effective strategies for sediment management and control is closely related to identification of sediment sources in a drainage basin. one of the methods for investigating sediment sources is using magnetic tracers for erosion and sediment yield studies. sediment source identification using magnetic characteristics is a simple, inexpensive, quick and non-destructive method having appl...

We present an estimate of the X-ray background (XRB) spectrum from the warm-hot intergalactic medium (IGM) associated with groups and clusters of galaxies, using purely the observationally determined X-ray luminosity function (XLF) and X-ray luminosity (Lx) temperature (T ) relations for groups and clusters. As compared with previous semi-analytic models based on the Press-Schechter mass functi...

Different determinations currently suggest scattered values for the power spectrum normalization on the scale of galaxy clusters, σ8. Here we concentrate on the constraints coming from the X-ray temperature and luminosity functions (XTF and XLF), and investigate several possible sources of discrepancies in the results. Importantly, we have used two largely independent codes for the temperature ...