Current syntactic accounts of English resultatives are based on the assumption that result XPs are predicated of underlying direct objects. This assumption has helped to explain the presence of reflexive pronouns with some intransitive verbs but not others and the apparent lack of result XPs predicated of subjects of transitive verbs. We present problems for and counterexamples to some of the b...

The effect of UV (ultraviolet) irradiation on the adsorption of Au(III) ions on manganese dioxide and their reduction to Au(0) (gold with 0 valence state) was investigated using XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) and 197Au Mössbauer spectroscopy. The UV irradiation accelerated the adsorption and the reduction. From the fact that the proportion of Au(0) estimated from Au 4f XPS spectra for s...

Hydrothermal and commercial barium titanate powders were examined for undesirable impurity phases. Compositional differences in the powder were evaluated using x-ray diffraction ( XRD ), x-ray fluorescence ( XRF ), and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). A brium-rich impurity phase, virtually undetectable by XRD, was detected via XPS. Barium impurity phase peaks were detected at binding ene...

The activation of carbon monoxide by oxygen on Mg(100) surface has been investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Carbon monoxide is only weakly adsorbed (dispersion-type forces) on a magnesium surface. The XPS result has shown that the dissociation of carbon monoxide leading to the formation of a metastable surface carbonate species occurs through the participation of an oxyg...

Standard nitride recipes for Savannah were tried first. Woollam M2000 spectroscopic ellipsometer (Woollam) and SSI SProbe X-Ray Photoemission Spectrometer (XPS) were used for thickness and composition measurements. However, the results were undesirable. For example, the results of Woollam showed that Hf3N4 films with 500, 375, and 250 cycles well matched to the corresponding HfO2 models. Furthe...

The important role of surface sensitive characterization techniques such as Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), X-ray photo electron spectroscopy (XPS), time of flight scanning ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) and High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) for the characterization of different phosphor materials is discussed in this short review by giving selective examples from pr...

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis of four Cu/SiO2 catalyst systems of different particle sizes of CuO on the surface showed variation in the relative peak area intensities of the shake-up lines to main core levels of the Cu 2p orbitals. These differences were attributed to various degrees of XPS-induced reduction of CuO initially formed on the surface by spin coating copper(II) ac...

We tested the suitability of two spectroscopic methods, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), in the recognition of bacterial and eukaryotic cell footprints on implant surfaces. Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and Staphylococcus aureus were cultured on sample surfaces and detached using trypsin. Scanning electron microscopy con...

Homogeneous and mixed adlayers composed of an alkanethiol (1-octadecanethiol, ODT) and a peptide (CGISYGRKKRRQRRR) on GaAs(100) were formed in two different solvent systems: phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). The chemical composition of each adlayer was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The data showed that the makeup of the adlayer and its s...

The X-ray excited Auger electron spectroscopy (XAES), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and elastic peak electron spectroscopy (EPES) methods were applied in investigating samples of nanocrystalline diamond and highly oriented pyrolytic graphite of various C sp(2)/sp(3) ratios, crystallinity conditions and grain sizes. The composition at the surface was estimated from the XPS. The C sp(2)/...