Clusters of nosocomial infection often occur undetected, at substantial cost to the medical system and individual patients. We evaluated binary cumulative sum (CUSUM) and moving average (MA) control charts for automated detection of nosocomial clusters. We selected two outbreaks with genotyped strains and used resistance as inputs to the control charts. We identified design parameters for the C...

Results: According to the results from the non parametric statistical analysis, the frequency for the following signs and symptoms was significant: Fatigue and muscle pain, joint sounds, tinnitus, ear fullness, headache, chewing impairment and difficulty to yawn (p<0.01) and otalgia (p<0.05). As to the parafunctional oral habits, there was a significant presence of teeth clenching during the da...

This study is the first to report the disturbance of contagious yawning in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Twenty-four children with ASD as well as 25 age-matched typically developing (TD) children observed video clips of either yawning or control mouth movements. Yawning video clips elicited more yawns in TD children than in children with ASD, but the frequency of yawns did no...

1. Straus SE, Ostrove JM, Inchauspe G et al. NIH conference. Varicellazoster virus infections. Biology, natural history, treatment, and prevention. Ann Intern Med 1988; 108: 221–237 2. Schmader K. Herpes zoster in older adults. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 32: 1481–1486 3. Buchbinder SP, Katz MH, Hessol NA et al. Herpes zoster and human immunodeficiency virus infection. J Infect Dis 1992; 166: 1153–11...

In this paper, we propose a novel system to analyze vigilance level combining both video and Electrooculography (EOG) features. For one thing, the video features extracted from an infrared camera include percentage of closure (PERCLOS) and eye blinks, slow eye movement (SEM), rapid eye movement (REM) are also extracted from EOG signals. For another, other features like yawn frequency, body post...

morbidity of severe aortic regurgitation: a long-term follow up study. Circulation 1999;99:1851–1857. 31. Pellikka PA, Sarano ME, Nishimura RA, Malouf JF, Bailey KR, Scott CG, Barnes ME, Tajik AJ. Outcome of 622 adults with asymptomatic, hemodynamically significant aortic stenosis during prolonged follow-up. Circulation 2005;111:3290–3295. 32. Wolf PA, D’Agostino RB, Belanger AJ, Kannel WB. Pro...

Humans favor others seen as similar to themselves (ingroup) over people seen as different (outgroup), even without explicitly stated bias. Ingroup-outgroup bias extends to involuntary responses, such as empathy for pain. However, empathy biases have not been tested in our close primate relatives. Contagious yawning has been theoretically and empirically linked to empathy. If empathy underlies c...

The capacity of four-dimensional sonography to evaluate complex facial expressions allows recognition of a common behavior, yawning. Although there has been remarkably little interest in yawning in research and medical practice, even though it is an everyday phenomenon, we submit an original interpretation on the basis of knowledge derived from phylogeny and ontogeny. As a flip-flop switch, the...

A method for making mucopolysaccharide molecules visible in the electron microscope is reported and is applied to elucidate the structure of hyaluronic acid. The method is essentially that of Kleinschmidt and Zahn' 2 for nucleic acids: the polyanion strands are combined with a positively charged protein, such as cytochrome c, incorporated into a surface film of the protein, and then shadowed wi...

We present an application of our framework for 3-D object-centered change detection1–4 to combined satellite and aerial imagery . In this framework, geometry is compared to geometry, allowing us to compare image sets with different acquisition conditions and even different sensors. By working in this framework, we do not encounter the restrictions and short-comings of conventional image-based c...