Installing stone columns in the ground is an effective improvement technique to increase the load bearing capacity and reduce the consolidation settlement of the loose or weak cohesive soils. In addition to the increase in the bearing capacity and reduction in the settlement, stone columns can accelerate the dissipation rate of the excess pore water pressure generated by the surcharge, which ex...

retrofitting structures is an important issue. structural weakness may be due to changes in design codes or defects in implementation. adding structural floors to the existing structures may also lead to the need for strengthening and retrofitting. retrofitting is possible before the earthquake or may take place as rehabilitation of damaged members after earthquake. elements such as columns in ...

since the beginning of human history, one of the basic dilemmas that every political institution must solve is how to exercise legitimate authority- that is, how to govern with the consent. “you can’t sit on bayonets,” goes an old political expression. this is a way of saying that although a state can exercise its power through the use of police force or coercion, in the long run the use of for...

various opinions have been put forward about achaemenian beliefs and thoughts, especially about the religious beliefs of the achaemenian kings such as cyrus the great. scholars rely on herodotus’s statements that “they didn’t look at building temples and altars as a religious tradition, they refer believing in these things as ignorance and foolishness in the converse opinion to greeks. they did...

the simulation of distillation columns is an essential step in design, optimization, and rating. in this paper, a new procedure has been proposed for the initial estimation of column profiles based on modified kremser’s group method for simple and/or complex columns. the effect of this initialization algorithm on simulation procedure has been studied through two examples. the results show signi...

Knowledge of droplet behavior is one of the most important criteria for determination of mass transfer kinetics for choosing the type of liquid-liquid extraction columns. Mean drop size data of dispersed phase droplets in continuous phase have been obtained for Various Rotary Agitated Liquid-Liquid Extraction Columns . The effects of operational variables such as mass transfer directions with a...

abstract strawberry is one of the most important fruit crops in the world. in this study, effect of different plant densities were studied on yield and fruit quality of strawberry 'selva' in greenhouse and laboratories of university college of agriculture and natural resources during 2002-2003. uniform stolens of strawberry were planted in holes of plastic column according to factorial in compl...

the use of polymer composite (frp) as a reinforcement material for the repair and strengthening of important components of reinforced concrete structures, particularly columns, has found wide spread. in this study, the effect of intermediate layer on improving the confinement behavior of reinforced concrete columns has been investigated. to achieve the objectives of the study, 14 cylindrical re...