Aggregation of the amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) into toxic oligomers and amyloid fibrils is linked to the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Mutations of the BRICHOS chaperone domain are associated with amyloid disease and recent in vitro data show that BRICHOS efficiently delays Aβ42 oligomerization and fibril formation. We have generated transgenic Drosophila melanogaster flies that express t...

659 ABSTRACT Aggregation of the amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) into toxic oligomers and amyloid fibrils is linked to the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Mutations of the BRICHOS chaperone domain are associated with amyloid disease and recent in vitro data show that BRICHOS efficiently delays Aβ42 oligomerization and fibril formation. We have generated transgenic Drosophila melanogaster flies t...

Insertion of an anthranilic acid in an amyloidogenic peptide sequence generates a novel conformationally restricted α/β-hybrid peptide that inhibits amyloid formation of Aβ(1-40) and disrupts preformed fibrillar aggregates in vitro. Such β-sheet breaker hybrid peptides (BSBHps) may be useful for designing novel physiologically important compounds relevant to diverse amyloidoses and for studying...

Last year marked 25 years of research into the amyloid hypothesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (Selkoe and Hardy, 2016). Over the last few years, studies on this subject have provided a number of insights into the pathology of the most widespread cognitive disorder of aging; however, a successful treatment strategy has yet to be developed. The amyloid hypothesis was on the edge of being discredi...

Several lines of evidence indicate that prefibrillar assemblies of amyloid-β (Aβ) polypeptides, such as soluble oligomers or protofibrils, rather than mature, end-stage amyloid fibrils cause neuronal dysfunction and memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease. These findings suggest that reducing the prevalence of transient intermediates by small molecule-mediated stimulation of amyloid polymeriza...

Islet amyloid polypeptide, also known as amylin, is the main component of the amyloid deposits present in approximately 90% of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In this disease, amylin aggregates into multimeric β-pleated sheet structures which cause damage to pancreatic islet β-cells. Inhibitors of early-stage amylin aggregation could therefore provide a disease-modifying treatment ...

The parallel β-helix is a geometrically regular fold commonly found in the proteomes of bacteria, viruses, fungi, archaea, and some vertebrates. β-helix structure has been observed in monomeric units of some aggregated amyloid fibers. In contrast, soluble β-helices, both right- and left-handed, are usually "capped" on each end by one or more secondary structures. Here, an in-depth classificatio...

We have explored amyloid formation using poly(amino acid) model systems in which differences in peptide secondary structure and hydrophobicity can be introduced in a controlled manner. We show that an environmentally sensitive fluorescent dye, dapoxyl, is able to identify β-sheet structure and hydrophobic surfaces, structural features likely to be related to toxicity, as a result of changes in ...

Background AD (Alzheimer’s disease) is the prime causes for 65-85% cases of senile dementia occurs due to plaques aggregation and tangles formation in various parts brains neurons (cortical hippocampal) leading brain cell death. The major cause extracellular accretion made β-amyloid protein. β-secretase enzyme also known as BACE-1 key player behind this phenomenon catalyzing rate determining st...