BACKGROUND/AIMS We investigated gut flora characteristics in patients with functional constipation (FC) and influences of short-term treatment with VSL#3 probiotic on flora and symptom improvement. METHODS Thirty patients fulfilling Rome III criteria for FC and 30 controls were enrolled. Fecal samples were obtained before and after VSL#3 intake (one sachet twice daily for 2 weeks) and flora w...

Notwithstanding the general acceptance of the value of statistical life (VSL) estimates for policy assessment purposes, several important unresolved issues remain. First, the results from revealed preference studies are systematically higher than those from stated preference studies, potentially limiting the usefulness of stated preference studies in generalizing the VSL estimates to different ...

BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) increases the risk of colorectal cancer. Probiotic bacteria produce immunoregulatory metabolites in vitro such as conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a polyunsaturated fatty acid with potent anti-carcinogenic effects. This study aimed to investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the efficacy of probiotic bacteria in mouse models of canc...

I derive alternative measures of maximum willingness to pay (WTP) and value of statistical life (VSL) related to changes in the supply of a public good affecting mortality for both members of two-person households, when members are selfish, live for at most two periods, and strike efficient Nash bargains over consumption of individual and household goods. I find no systematic bias in letting on...

Background: Economic evaluation of policies regarding out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is important and we estimate the value of a statistical life (VSL) for OHCA victims. Method: Responses to a national Swedish mail survey in 2007, based on the stated-preference technique (contingent valuation) to directly elicit individuals‟ hypothetical willingness to pay for a reduced risk of dying fro...

This paper exploits an unusual transportation setting to generate some of the first revealed preference value of a statistical life (VSL) estimates from a low-income setting. We estimate the trade-offs individuals are willing to make between mortality risk and cost as they travel to and from the international airport in Sierra Leone (which is separated from the capital Freetown by a body of wat...

هدف: پژوهش حاضر با هدف شناسایی و اولویت‌بندی پیشایندها پسایندهای سبک رهبری چابک استفاده از روش دلفی فازی صورت پذیرفت.طراحی/ روش‌شناسی/ رویکرد: این نوع پژوهش‌های آمیخته رویکرد کیفی کمی در پارادایم استقرایی است که نظر هدف، کاربردی لحاظ ماهیت روش، اکتشافی است. جامعه آماری شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان استان لرستان هستند 30 نفر خبرگان آنها بر اساس اصل کفایت نظری نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب شده‌اند. ابزار گردآور...