Red tide is a natural phenomenon that changes sea color by harmful algal bloom. There has been a lot of study on red tide due to increasing of red tide damage. However, to automatically recognize the red tide algae images present in previous studies are not enough. It is difficult to recognize red tide algae images because they do not have matching features for recognizing various species of al...

This paper is devoted to the study of two advection-dispersion-reaction models arising from the dynamics of harmful algae and zooplankton in flowingwater habitats where a main channel is coupled to a hydraulic storage zone, representing an ensemble of fringing coves on the shoreline. For the system modeling the dynamics of algae and their toxin that contains little limiting nutrient, we establi...

1. Blue-green algae, red algae, and purple bacteria all show the emission of delayed light. 2. The action spectra for the production of delayed light by three species of blue-green algae have one broad band with a peak at 620 mmicro. 3. The action spectrum for production of delayed light by the red algae has one peak at 550 mmicro with a shoulder from 600 to 660 mmicro. 4. The emission spectra ...

The green lineage of chlorophyte algae and streptophytes form a large and diverse clade with multiple independent transitions to produce multicellular and/or macroscopically complex organization. In this review, I focus on two of the best-studied multicellular groups of green algae: charophytes and volvocines. Charophyte algae are the closest relatives of land plants and encompass the transitio...

In this paper, I review what is currently known of phylogenetic relationships of heterokont and haptophyte algae. Heterokont algae are a monophyletic group that is classified into 17 classes and represents a diverse group of marine, freshwater, and terrestrial algae. Classes are distinguished by morphology, chloroplast pigments, ultrastructural features, and gene sequence data. Electron microsc...

Capillary electrophoresis single-strand conformational polymorphism (CE-SSCP) was explored as a fast and inexpensive method to differentiate both prokaryotic (blue-green) and eukaryotic (green and brown) algae. A selection of two blue-green algae (Nostoc muscorum and Anabaena inaequalis), five green algae (Chlorella vulgaris, Oedogonium foveolatum, Mougeotia sp., Scenedesmus quadricauda, and Ul...

Thermotropic properties of blue-green algae grown at high, room, and low temperatures in H(2)O and D(2)O media were studied by highly sensitive differential scanning microcalorimetry. The thermograms of these organisms contain an endothermal peak in the temperature range of 50 to 70 C with an endothermal heat ranging from 0.14 to 1.91 joules per gram organism. The temperature at which the endot...