Short temporal baseline and multiple ground deformation information can be derived from the airborne differential synthetic aperture radar Interforemetry (D-InSAR). However, affected by the turbulence of the air, the aircraft would deviate from the designed flight path with high frequent vibrations and changes both in the flight trajectory and attitude. Restricted by the accuracy of the positio...

Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) is a rapidly evolving technology for DTM generation. It exploits the coherent nature of SAR imaging to measure stereo parallaxes in the mm and cm regime from phase differences. InSAR systems are active microwave sensors; they operate independent of cloud cover and sun illumination. This paper reviews the basic principle and the properties of spac...

Although leveling is a very precise technique for geodetic deformation monitoring, it is quite expensive and timeconsuming. InSAR is a relatively new technique for precise deformation monitoring and has some important advantages compared to leveling: the high spatial resolution of the data and the relatively low costs of the technique. In this article both techniques are considered for the esti...

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate how the integration differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar (D-InSAR) and levelling improves monitoring ground deformation phenomena, thereby enabling their complete understanding. complementarity between D-InSAR illustrated through a case study construction road tunnel beneath Glòries Square, Barcelona; employed continuously monitor works, ...

Two-dimensional phase unwrapping (2-D PU) is the process of converting measured into real in interferometric signal processing. Reliable results are critical for digital elevation model (DEM) generation using synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) and sonar (InSAS). The majority previous research has concentrated on accuracy. Whereas computational efficiency must be taken account measurement system t...

The ability to measure land surface topography over large areas to assess natural hazard threats posed by seismic and flooding events is a critical, international need. Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (INSAR) has been used to map topography; however, accuracies are limited because observations are not measurements of true surface topography over vegetated areas. Instead, the measuremen...

Bistatic SAR uses separated transmitted and receiver flying on different platforms. Such a spatial separation has several operational advantages in military applications the vulnerability of the system is reduced, because the transmitter can be positioned far away, while the passive receiver is difficult to locate. The bistatic along track interferometric SAR (AT−InSAR) model is one kind of bis...

The Terrain Observation by Progressive Scans (TOPS) acquisition mode of the Sentinel-1 mission provides a wide coverage per acquisition with resolutions of 5 m in range and 20 m in azimuth, which makes this acquisition mode attractive for glacier velocity monitoring. Here, we retrieve surface velocities from the southern Ellesmere Island ice caps (Canadian Arctic) using both offset tracking and...

In the process Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) derived Digital Elevation Models (DEMs), coherence enhances the raw interferograms in order to achieve a good estimation of the difference in the optical paths related to topography. Furthermore, it is an important parameter qualifying the accuracy of the interferometric measurements. The aim of this study is to examine the effect ...

The improved ground resolution of state-of-the-art synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sensors suggests utilizing this technique for the analysis of urban areas. However, building reconstruction from SAR or InSAR data suffers from consequences of the inherent oblique scene illumination, such as foreshortening, layover, occlusion by radar shadow and multipath signal propagation. Especially in built-u...