Although various Logical Story Unit (LSU) segmentation methods based on visual content have been presented in literature, a common ground for comparison is missing. We present a systematic evaluation of the mutual dependencies of segmentation methods and their performances. LSUs are subjective and cannot be defined with full certainty. To limit subjectivity, we present definitions based on film...

Peptidyl transfer of a growing peptide on a ribosome-bound transfer RNA (tRNA) to an incoming amino acyl tRNA is the central step in translation, and it may be catalyzed primarily by the large subunit (LSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Genetic and biochemical evidence suggests that the central loop of domain V of the LSU rRNA plays a direct role in peptidyl transfer. It was previously found that a sin...

Mitochondrial ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) often display reduced size and deviant secondary structure, and sometimes are fragmented, as are their corresponding genes. Here we report a mitochondrial large subunit rRNA (mt-LSU rRNA) with unprecedented features. In the protist Diplonema, the rnl gene is split into two pieces (modules 1 and 2, 534- and 352-nt long) that are encoded by distinct mitochondr...

We propose multi-dimensional index data structures that generalize su x arrays to square matrices and cubic matrices. Giancarlo proposed a two-dimensional index data structure, the Lsu x tree, that generalizes su x trees to square matrices. However, the construction algorithm for Lsu x trees maintains complicated data structures and uses a large amount of space. We present simple and practical ...

Accurate secondary structures are important for understanding ribosomes, which are extremely large and highly complex. Using 3D structures of ribosomes as input, we have revised and corrected traditional secondary (2°) structures of rRNAs. We identify helices by specific geometric and molecular interaction criteria, not by co-variation. The structural approach allows us to incorporate non-canon...

Cryptococcosis, one of the most important systemic mycosis in the world, is caused by different genotypes of Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii, which differ in their ecology, epidemiology, and antifungal susceptibility. Therefore, the search for new molecular markers for genotyping, pathogenicity and drug susceptibility is necessary. Group I introns fulfill the requisites for such...

Endophytic fungi were isolated from healthy stems and pods of cacao ( Theobroma cacao ) trees in natural forest ecosystems and agroecosystems in Latin America and West Africa. These fungi were collected for screening as a potential source of biocontrol agents for the basidiomycetous pathogens of cacao in South and Central America, Moniliophthora roreri (frosty pod rot) and Moniliophthora pernic...