PURPOSE To study the structural changes induced by trabeculoplasty with two different lasers (Ti-Sph and argon) and observe the differences between four trabecular meshwork models. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four different trabecular meshwork (TM) models were used from cats, monkeys, and humans. This study was performed on fresh cadaver eyes ("ex vivo") except for the cat in which this study was p...

Multiphase flows exist widely in daily life and many industrial processes, such as soap bubbles, rain drops, internal combustion engines, thermal spray coating, and ink-jet printing, et al. In the numerical study of multiphase flows with clear interfaces, it is extremely important to accurately track the interfaces. Many numerical methods have been developed to treat the interface, including Le...

In recent years the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) approach gained popularity in modeling multiphase and free-surface flows. In many situations, due to certain reasons, interface and free-surface fragmentation occurs. As a result single SPH particle solids/droplets of one phase can appear and travel through other phases. In this paper we investigate this issue focusing on a movement of s...

Molecular (DME)2Tm(SC6F5)3 and tetrametallic (DME)4(μ2-SPh)8Tm4(SPh)4 have been isolated in high yield and characterized by conventional methods. The fluorinated thiolate has an eight-coordinate Tm(III) ion bound to three sulfur atoms from the thiolates, four oxygen donors from the THF ligands, and a relatively weak dative Tm-F interaction with a 2.842(3)Å Tm-F separation. The benzenethiolate c...

Sphingolipid products such as ceramide (cer), sphingosine (sph), and sphingosine-1-phosphate (SPP) are implicated in the regulation of cell growth and apoptosis. We have recently shown that cer, sph, and SPP differentially modulate ionic events in cultured oligodendrocytes (OLGs). Cer but not sph or SPP inhibits the inward rectifier (I(Kir)) in OLGs. To further investigate the role of sphingoli...

The transcriptional enhancer of a chicken U1 small nuclear RNA (snRNA) gene contains a GC-box, an octamer motif, and an SPH motif that are recognized by the transcription factors Sp1, Oct-1, and SBF respectively. Previous work indicated that the octamer and the SPH motifs were both required for U1 gene enhancer activity in frog oocytes when the U1 gene was coinjected with a competing snRNA gene...

Smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH), as a Lagrangian, meshfree method, is supposed to be useful in solving acoustic problems, such as combustion noise, bubble acoustics, etc., and has been gradually used in sound wave computation. However, unphysical oscillations in the sound wave simulation cannot be ignored. In this paper, an artificial viscosity term is added into the standard SPH algorith...

We present a new method to create and preserve the turbulent details generated around moving objects in SPH fluid. In our approach, a high-resolution overlapping grid is bounded to each object and translates with the object. The turbulence formation is modeled by resolving the local flow around objects using a hybrid SPH-FLIP method. Then these vortical details are carried on SPH particles flow...

Study question In patients with sarcoidosis, past and ongoing immunosuppressive regimens, recurrent disease in the transplant extrapulmonary involvement may affect outcomes of lung transplantation. We asked whether sarcoidosis phenotypes can be differentiated and, if so, how they relate to pulmonary treated by Patients methods retrospectively reviewed data from 112 who met international diagnos...

Fluid shear stress modulates the functional responses of platelets and vascular cells, and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of vascular disorders, including atherosclerosis and restenosis. Since shear stress induces activation of platelets, which abundantly store sphingosine 1-phosphate (Sph-1-P), and upregulates the mRNA expression of S1P(1), the most important Sph-1-P receptor expr...