Abstract: The need for energy continues to increase along with rapid population growth. Fuel is one of the most critical sectors. However, limited availability fossil fuels and issue air pollution have prompted various studies find alternative that are renewable environmentally friendly. In this study, conversion castor oil into biohydrocarbons through hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) process using HZS...

Pt/Zr(x)-HMS/HZSM-5 catalysts with different ratios of Silicium/Zirconium (denoted as x) were studied for normal heptane reforming at 350-450 °C temperature range. For this purpose, the properties of the catalysts such as X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, NH3-temperature pro...

Naphthenic acids are naturally occurring carboxylic in crude oil with cyclic or aromatic rings their structure. These responsible for the acidity of oil, leading to corrosion problems refinery equipment and deactivation catalysts while creating a continuous need maintenance. Therefore, removing naphthenic has become an important requirement refining acidic oil. In this paper, experiments conduc...

This work shows how propane was catalytically converted to aromatic compounds over Zn-Ni/HZSM-5 investigate the synergistic role of nickel as a zinc stabilizer and promoter in aromatization. Co-impregnation method employed for Zn-Ni/ZSM-5 synthesis fixed 2 wt% 1, 3 nickel. Modified catalysts’ were fully characterized. Catalysts crystallinity, structure microporosity retained from analysis resul...

Introduction Phenol is an important chemical in industry but has been produced from benzene by the three-steps of cumene process. Direct phenol synthesis from benzene is one of the important subjects. However, no selective catalyst with good performance in an economically and environmentally favourable benzene-O2 system has been discovered to date. We have found Re/HZSM-5 promoted the direct ph...