A pilot-scale study of pharmaceutical wastewater treatment by a membrane bioreactor (MBR) process in southern Taiwan is presented in this paper. A 10 m/day capacity MBR plant consisting of an aeration tank and a membrane bioreactor was installed to remove organic matter (measured in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD)). The performance of the MBR was monitored for a period of 140 days. The re...

Two important computational approaches to problem solving are model-based reasoning (MBR) and case-based reasoning (CBR). MBR, since it reasons from first principles, is especially suited for solving novel problems. CBR, since it reasons from previous experience, is especially suited for solving frequently encountered problems. However, large novel problems pose difficulties for both approaches...

background: the purpose of this study was to investigate the efficiency of flat sheet membrane bioreactor (fs-mbr) in bod 5 and cod removal of isfahan south municipal wastewater treatment plant. methods: in this study a submerged fs-mbr, with 140 liters volume was fed using microfiltration membrane (mf) during 109 days and hydraulic retention time of 20 hours. findings: the mbr application in m...

A laboratory-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) and nanofiltration (NF) hybrid system has been built to investigate effects of changes in characteristics of effluent organic matter by the MBR on fouling characteristics of the NF membranes. Large amounts of polysaccharide-like substances with small molecular weight and strong fluorescence intensity at the excitation wavelength of 230nm and the emis...

PURPOSE To investigate ocular blood flow and correlations between ocular blood flow and variables in patients with severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (S-NPDR) following panretinal photocoagulation (PRP). METHODS In this retrospective, cross-sectional study, the blood flow on the optic nerve head (ONH) and choroid was assessed with laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG) using the mean blur...

A hybrid ultrafiltration-osmotic membrane bioreactor (UFO-MBR) was investigated for over 35 days for nutrient and trace organic chemical (TOrC) removal from municipal wastewater. The UFO-MBR system uses both ultrafiltration (UF) and forward osmosis (FO) membranes in parallel to simultaneously extract clean water from an activated sludge reactor for nonpotable (or environmental discharge) and po...

For extended periods of time, sequence generation models rely on beam search as the decoding algorithm. However, the performance of beam search degrades when the model is over-confident about a suboptimal prediction. In this work, we enhance beam search by performing minimum Bayes-risk (MBR) decoding for some extra steps at a later stage. In our experiments, we found that the conventional MBR r...

Minimum Bayes Risk (MBR) speech recognizers have been shown to yield improvements over the conventional maximum a-posteriori probability (MAP) decoders in the context of Nbest list rescoring and A search over recognition lattices. Segmental MBR (SMBR) procedures have been developed to simplify implementation of MBR recognizers, by segmenting the N-best list or lattice, to reduce the size of the...

In this paper, we propose a broad framework for Memory-Based Reasoning (MBR). The framework allows us to clarify the technical merits and limitations of several current MBR methods and to design new variants. The proposed computational framework consists of three components: a speciication language to deene an adaptive notion of relevant context for a query; mechanisms for retrieving this conte...

In this paper, we propose a probabilistic framework for memory-based reasoning (MBR). The framework allows us to clarify the technical merits and limitations of several recently published MBR methods and to design new variants. The proposed computational framework consists of three components: a specification language to define an adaptive notion of relevant context for a query; mechanisms for ...