Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a hallmark of progressive renal disease. Podocyte injury and loss have been proposed as the critical events that lead to FSGS. In the present study, the authors have examined the development of FSGS in Thy-1.1 transgenic (tg) mice, with emphasis on the podocyte and parietal epithelial cell (PEC). Thy-1.1 tg mice express the Thy-1.1 antigen on podocyt...

A technoeconomic analysis of photoelectrochemical (PEC) and photovoltaic-electrolytic (PV-E) solarhydrogen production of 10000 kg H2 day 1 (3.65 kilotons per year) was performed to assess the economics of each technology, and to provide a basis for comparison between these technologies as well as within the broader energy landscape. Two PEC systems, differentiated primarily by the extent of sol...

Ti-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are demonstrated as promising photosensitizers for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. Photocurrents of TiO2 nano wire photoelectrodes can be improved under visible light through sensitization with aminated Ti-based MOFs. As a host, other sensitizers or catalysts such as Au nanoparticles can be incorporated into the MOF layer thus further improvi...

Purpose of review We have summarized recently published glomerular parietal epithelial cell (PEC) research, focusing on their roles in glomerular development and physiology, and in certain glomerular diseases. The rationale is that PECs have been largely ignored until the recent availability of cell lineage tracing studies, human and murine PEC culture systems, and potential therapeutic interve...

We report the photoelectrochemical (PEC) oxidation of methanol on a rationally designed graphene-TiO2 nanorod array (G-TNR) photoanode. A PEC methanol fuel cell was constructed by coupling the G-TNR photoanode with a cathode. This study raises a conceptual fuel cell that realizes the synergistic energy conversion of chemical energy and solar energy.

The role of the mononuclear-macrophage system in the production of transcobalamm II (TCII), the vitamin B12 transport protein that delivers the vitamin to the tissues, was investigated in mice. Of all the organs examined for TCII content in unstimulated mice, highest TCll levels were found in the bone marrow. A considerable amount of TCll was present in peripheral blood monocytes. Small amounts...

Area PEc, a high order association area, is located in the dorsocaudal portion of the superior parietal cortex. PEc neurons encode visual motion signals, especially the direction of stimulus motion. The present study tested if PEc neurons also process visual correlates of self-motion. The extracellular activity of single neurons in response to optic flow stimuli was recorded in two monkeys (Mac...

Inhibition of adenylyl cyclase (AC) activity is frequently used to measure µ-opioid receptor (MOR) activation. We sought to develop a simple, rapid assay of AC activity in whole cells that could be used to study MOR signaling. Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing human MOR (CHO-MOR cells) were grown in 96-well plates and loaded with membrane potential-sensitive fluorescent dye. CHO-MOR cells ...

The sun is the primary energy source of our planet and potentially can supply all societies with more than just their basic energy needs. Demand of electric energy can be satisfied with photovoltaics, however the global demand for fuels is even higher. The direct way to produce the solar fuel hydrogen is by water splitting in photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells, an artificial mimic of photosynthes...

Polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) nanoparticles for delivering model protein drug ovalbumin were prepared from two polysaccharide polymers, alginate and chitosan. The parameters influencing the complex formation were characterised using colloid titration in combination with dynamic light scattering. The polyelectrolyte interactions and morphology of the formed complexes were verified by differentia...