In this paper, a tapered tip optical fiber probe sensor for localized refractive index (RI) measurements is presented. This sensor’s interaction with analytes is confined to a few micro-meters which makes it a promising candidate for in-vivo or even intra-cellular RI monitoring. This tapered tip was simply fabricated by etching optical fiber with hydrofluoric acid to a conic shape with a sub-m...

The severity of a tropical cyclone (TC) is often summarized by its lifetime maximum intensity (LMI), and the climatological LMI distribution is a fundamental feature of the climate system. The distinctive bimodality of the LMI distribution means that major storms (LMI >96 kt) are not very rare compared with less intense storms. Rapid intensification (RI) is the dramatic strengthening of a TC in...

7KLV SDSHU GHVFULEHV DQ HYROXWLRQDU\ SURFHVV ZKLFK SURGXFHV G\QDPLF ELRORJLF OLNH SDWWHUQV 6LPXODWLRQ DQG YLVXDOL]DWLRQ RI WKH GHYHORSPHQW RI FHOO SRSXODWLRQV KDV PDQ\ DSSOLFDWLRQV )RU H[DPSOH GHYHORSPHQWDO ELRORJ\ DQG FRPSXWHU JUDSKLFV 3K\VLFDOO\ EDVHG SDUWLFOH PRGHOV DUH HIILFLHQW WR VLPXODWH WKH G\QDPLFDO EHKDYLRU RI UHDO OLIH REMHFWV ,Q WKLV DUWLFOH ZH SURSRVH WR PRGHO WKH JURZWK RI D ELROR...

In order to show the complexity claimed in Lemma 1, let us rewrite it with an explicit description of the computation of C = X̄>R: Lemma 1. For any R ∈ Rn×p, we can compute C = X̄>R in O(np) operations as follows: 1. Compute the n× p matrix r of cumulative sums ri,• = ∑i j=1Rj• by the induction: • r1,• = R1,• . • For i = 1, . . . , n, ri,• = ri−1,• +Ri,• . 2. For i = 1, . . . , n− 1, compute Ci,•...

An instance I of the Hospitals / Residents problem (HR) [6, 7, 15] involves a set R = {r1, . . . , rn} of residents and a set H = {h1, . . . , hm} of hospitals. Each hospital hj ∈ H has a positive integral capacity, denoted by cj . Also, each resident ri ∈ R has a preference list in which he ranks in strict order a subset of H. A pair (ri, hj) ∈ R ×H is said to be acceptable if hj appears in ri...

PURPOSE To investigate the concentrations of Fc epsilon receptor I (Fc epsilon RI)-bindable immunoglobulin E (IgE) in the tear fluid and the proportion of IgE-saturated cells among Fc epsilon RI-positive cells in giant papillae from vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) patients. METHODS The tear fluids and giant papillae were obtained from 8 VKC patients with their informed consent. To detect th...

Research infrastructure (RI) refers to a large and complex science research facility or system that conducts top-level science activities. In recent years, there has been a tendency toward geographical concentration of RIs and formation of RI clusters. Some of these RI clusters have become engines for regional social and economic development. It turns out that RI clusters present a new stage fo...

In [Paper, Algorithms 1 and 2] we need the gradient of the residuals dg(Y(ri),Yi) (here, Y(ri) is equal to X1(ri)) with respect to the base point Y(ri) in order to compute the jump conditions for the adjoint variable λ1. The residual measures the squared geodesic distance between the point Y(ri) on the fitted curve and the corresponding measurement Yi. To derive this gradient, we consider the c...

In [Paper, Algorithms 1 and 2] we need the gradient of the residuals dg(Y(ri),Yi) (here, Y(ri) is equal to X1(ri)) with respect to the base point Y(ri) in order to compute the jump conditions for the adjoint variable λ1. The residual measures the squared geodesic distance between the point Y(ri) on the fitted curve and the corresponding measurement Yi. To derive this gradient, we consider the c...