BACKGROUND Researchers define Emotional Labour (EL) as the effort associated with meeting the emotional requirements of the job, yet nobody has ever directly tested this effort. Building on classic stress and ego depletion theory, this study develops the Emotional Effort Scale (EEF). METHODS In Study 1, exploratory (N = 197) and confirmatory factor analysis (N = 182) were conducted with a Bri...

Simultaneous biplane left ventriculography was performed in 59 patients with ischaemic heart disease. A comparison was made of the frontal (EFF), lateral (EFL), and biplane (EFB) ejection fractions. Discrepancies between the three measurements in the same patient were frequent observed. The patients were then grouped according to the presence or absence of signs of transmural myocardial infarct...

The encircled energy EEF ( δ ) measures the fraction of the total energy contained within a circle of specified radius ‘δ ’ in the image plane, centered on the diffraction head. This is one of the important parameters in the study of a diffraction image. LORD RAYLEIGH [1] first pointed out the importance of the studies on the encircled energy in the diffraction pattern as an image quality asses...

Over the past two decades, the Bootstrap AGGregatING (bagging) method has been widely used for improving simulation. The computational cost of this method scales with the size of the ensemble, but excessively reducing the ensemble size comes at the cost of reduced predictive performance. The novel procedure proposed in this study is the Entropy Ensemble Filter (EEF), which uses the most informa...