BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of morbidity in HIV infected individuals. Coinfection with HIV is associated with diminished HCV-specific immune responses and higher HCV RNA levels. AIMS To investigate whether long-term combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) restores HCV-specific T cell responses and improves the control of HCV replication. METHODS T cell re...

OBJECTIVES Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) is associated with increased survival among HIV-infected persons. Yet, no research to date has examined whether introduction of once-daily fixed-dosed combinations (FDC) affects the likelihood of cART initiation. We aimed to determine whether implementation of once-daily FDC regimens was associated with changes to cART initiation. We also ide...

We have recently shown that injection of the hypothalamic peptide cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript (CART) into discrete hypothalamic nuclei stimulates food intake. This stimulation was particularly marked in the arcuate nucleus. Here we show that twice daily intra-arcuate injection of 0.2 nmole CART peptide for 7 days was associated with a 60% higher daytime food intake, an 85% high...

BACKGROUND Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) effectively controls human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection but does not eliminate HIV, and lifelong treatment is therefore required. HIV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses decline following cART initiation. Alterations in other HIV-specific immune responses that may assist in eliminating latent HIV infection, specifically ...

We propose to extend CART for bivariate marked point processes provide a segmentation of the space into homogeneous areas interaction between marks. While usual tree considers marginal distribution response variable at each node, proposed algorithm, SpatCART, takes account spatial location observations in splitting criterion. introduce dissimilarity index based on Ripley’s intertype K-function ...

INTRODUCTION The optimal management of infants born to HIV-positive mothers who are untreated or have detectable viral load prior to delivery remains controversial. Despite the increasing use of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) for post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) of neonates at high risk of HIV infection, there is little safety and pharmacokinetic data to support this approach. The obj...

BACKGROUND Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), the standard of care for HIV-1 infection, is considered to be successful when plasma viremia remains below the detection limit of commercial assays. Yet, cART fails in a substantial proportion of patients after the apparent success. No laboratory markers are known that are predictive of cART outcome in initial responders during the period of...