A slice of a program P with respect to a slicing criterion C ≡ ({var}, c_stmt) is a subset of the program which includes all statements that directly or indirectly affect the value of variable var in c_stmt [1,10–12]. A static slice includes all statements which might affect the value of var. It is constructed using program analysis techniques. A dynamic slice consists of only those statements ...

Malaria parasites use antigenic variation to avoid immune clearance and increase the duration of infection in the human host. Variation at the surface of P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes is mediated by the differential control of a family of surface antigens encoded by var genes. Switching of var gene expression occurs in situ, mostly from telomere-associated loci, without detectable DNA alt...

High perform ance liquid chrom atography was used to quantify the sesquiterpene phenolic esters, G uayulin A and -B in Parthenium argentatum (guayule) and Fj hybrids o f guayule with Parthenium schottii, P. fruticosum var. trilobatum and P. tomentosum var. stramonium. The d istri­ bution o f these phenolic acid esters in all parts o f the plants are reported and their inheritance in hybrids is ...

The primary virulence determinant of Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasite-infected cells is a family of heterogeneous surface receptors collectively referred to as PfEMP1. These proteins are encoded by a large, polymorphic gene family called var. The family contains approximately 60 individual genes, which are subject to strict, mutually exclusive expression, with the single expressed var gen...

Proof. To see L2-convergence, we will prove that (Sn)n>1 is Cauchy in L 2. It is enough to show that ||Sn − Sm||2 < ε for all n,m > N(ε). Suppose n > m, then we obtain ||Sn − Sm||2 = E(Sn − Sm) = E(Xm+1 +Xm+2 + · · ·+Xn) = Var(Xm+1 +Xm+2 + · · ·+Xn) = Var(Xm+1) + Var(Xm+2) + · · ·+ Var(Xn). For any ε > 0, there exists N = N(ε) with ∑∞ i=N Var(Xi) < ε 2, thus we have ||Sn−Sm||2 < ε for all n,m >...

Conidia of Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium brevi-compactum, Penicillium frequentans, Penicillium spinulosum, and Penicillium verrucosum var. cyclopium were subjected to partition at varying pH values in an aqueous two-phase system containing charged polyethylene glycol. In the system, the partition behavior of the conidia of the Penicillium species vari...