It is well established that lakes are typically sources of CO2 to the atmosphere. However, it remains unclear what portion of CO2 efflux is from endogenously processed organic carbon or from exogenously produced CO2 transported into lakes. We estimated high-frequency CO2 and O2 efflux from three north temperate lakes in summer to determine the proportion of the total CO2 efflux that was exogeno...

We combine density-functional theory with the string method to calculate the minimum free energy path of bubble nucleation in two polymer–CO2 mixture systems, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)–CO2 and polystyrene (PS)–CO2. Nucleation is initiated by saturating the polymer liquid with high pressure CO2 and subsequently reducing the pressure to ambient condition. Below a critical temperature (Tc),...

Background: Measurement of central venous-to-arterial CO2 difference (p(cv-a)CO2) as an estimate of mixed venous-to-arterial CO2 difference (p(v-a)CO2) has been recommended as an supplementary parameter to identify the inadequacy of tissue oxygenation in septic and postoperative non-cardiac high risk surgery patients. This study investigates the agreement between p(cv-a)CO2 and p(v-a)CO2, and e...

Large reductions in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are needed to mitigate the impacts of climate change. One method of achieving such reductions is CO2 capture and storage (CCS). CCS requires the capture of carbon dioxide (CO2) at a large industrial facility, such as a power plant, and its transport to a geological storage site where CO2 is sequestered. If implemented, CCS could allow fossil fu...

[1] Submersible dives on 22 active submarine volcanoes on the Mariana and Tonga-Kermadec arcs have discovered systems on six of these volcanoes that, in addition to discharging hot vent fluid, are also venting a separate CO2-rich phase either in the form of gas bubbles or liquid CO2 droplets. One of the most impressive is the Champagne vent site on NW Eifuku in the northern Mariana Arc, which i...

Difficult access to 40-m-tall emergent trees in tropical rainforests has resulted in a lack of data related to vertical variations in wood CO2 efflux, even though significant variations in wood CO2 efflux are an important source of errors when estimating whole-tree total wood CO2 efflux. This study aimed to clarify vertical variations in wood CO2 efflux for emergent trees and to document the im...

ابتلای یکی از اعضای خانواده به بیماری مزمن، بر روابط، نقش‌ها، سلسله مراتب و به‌طور کلی سیستم تأثیر می‌گذارد را برای مدیریت سازگاری با شرایط جدید، چالش‌هایی مواجه می‌کند. هدف این مرور ادبیات پژوهشی، شناسایی مسائلی است که در مزمن اعضا، آن رو‌به‌روست. بدین منظور، بررسی نظام‌مند مقالات چاپ‌شده زبان فارسی یا انگلیسی مجلات داخلی خارجی سال 201۴ (دی ۱۳۹۲) تاکنون، پایگاه‌های SID، Magiran، Google Scholar...

The microalga incorporated photobioreactor is a highly efficient biological system for converting CO2 into biomass. Using microalgal photobioreactor as CO2 mitigation system is a practical approach for elimination of waste gas from the CO2 emission. In this study, the marine microalga Chlorella sp. was cultured in a photobioreactor to assess biomass, lipid productivity and CO2 reduction. We als...

It has recently been shown that thin polymer films in the nanometer thickness range exhibit anomalous swelling maxima in supercritical CO2 (Sc-Co2) in the vicinity of the critical point of CO2. The adsorption isotherm of CO2 on carbon black, silica surfaces, porous zeolites, and other surfaces, is known to exhibit anomalous maxima under similar CO2 conditions. It is believed that because CO2 po...

carbon dioxide is the most important resource for crop growth. in order to investigate the effect of elevated co2 concentration on morphological and physiological characteristics of sesame (sesamum indicum l.) and amaranthus (amaranthus retroflexus l.) an experiment was conducted in greenhouse conditions. the experiment was factorial based on randomized complete block design with six treatments...