Land surface processes and their initialization are of crucial importance to address the challenge of seamless (from weather to seasonal) Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP). In particular it has been found that soil moisture influences the landatmosphere exchange processes on all relevant time scales. It is therefore expected to be of high interest for NWP applications to assimilate new satelli...

Acknowledgments

Online social networks such as Twitter and Facebook have become a fixture in the lives of millions of people worldwide. Not only are people communicating with those in their social network, but applications like Twitter allow people to publicly broadcast information relevant to them. For the most part initial weather observations are done automatically, however, some aspects of the weather are ...

Historically, military training exercises haven’t integrated weather very well. Generally, exercises use weather to control pace. If Blue Forces seem to be winning too quickly, exercise controllers “crank up” the bad weather. Occasionally, controllers use weather to cause an effect such as placing a thunderstorm over a base to preclude takeoffs. In both cases, exercise weather may not be realis...

BACKGROUND Patients frequently report that weather changes trigger headache or worsen existing headache symptoms. Recently, the method of empirical mode decomposition (EMD) has been used to delineate temporal relationships in certain diseases, and we applied this technique to identify intrinsic weather components associated with headache incidence data derived from a large-scale epidemiological...

In 2004, a city-wide weather wireless sensor network, Taipei Weather InquiryBased Learning Network, composed of sixty school-based weather sensor nodes and a centralized weather archive server was established to facilitate students having weather science inquiry-based learning. The network covers the whole Taipei City, collects the city’s weather status, and opens the weather data to the genera...

As part of the Wisconsin road weather safety initiative, the objective of this study is to assess the effects of rainfall on the severity of single-vehicle crashes on Wisconsin interstate highways utilizing polychotomous response models. Weather-related factors considered in this study include estimated rainfall intensity for 15 min prior to a crash occurrence, water film depth, temperature, wi...

Weather forecasts are an important input to many electricity demand forecasting models. This study investigates the use of weather ensemble predictions in electricity demand forecasting for lead times from one to 10 days ahead. A weather ensemble prediction consists of 51 scenarios for a weather variable. We use these scenarios to produce 51 scenarios for the weather-related component of electr...

Visual appearance of landmark photos changes significantly in different weather conditions. In this work, we obtain weather information from a weather forecast website based on a landmark photo’s geotag and taken time information. With weather information, we adaptively adjust weightings for combining distances obtained based on different features and thus propose a weather-adaptive distance me...

Weather is one of the major causes of general aviation accidents. Researchers are addressing this problem from various perspectives including improving meteorological forecasting techniques, collecting additional weather data automatically via on-board sensors and "flight" modems, and improving weather data dissemination and presentation. We approach the problem from the improved presentation p...