due to the importance of the import management, this study applies generalized ardl approach to estimate midas regression for wheat import value and to compare the accuracy of forecasts with those competed by the regression with adjusted data model. mixed frequency sampling models aim to extract information with high frequency indicators so that independent variables with lower frequencies are ...

It is still debated vigorously whether sexual selection can result in speciation without physical barriers to gene flow. In this study, we used field data and molecular methods to investigate the gold-normal color polymorphism in two endemic cichlid fish species of crater lake Xiloá, Nicaragua. We found significant assortative mating by color in both Amphilophus xiloaensis and A. sagittae. Focu...

Abstract Sympatric speciation is a contentious concept, although theoretical models as well as empirical evidence support its relevance in evolutionary biology. The Midas cichlid species complex (Amphilophus citrinellus, labiatus, zaliosus) from several crater lakes in Nicaragua fits several of the key characteristics of a sympatric speciation model. In particular, in A. citrinellus (i) strong ...

Migraine is a recurring and disabling pain disorder. The prevalence is estimated as 9.1% in Taiwan. Patients suffer from significant loss of work, time at school or ability to perform household chores, as well as other family or leisure activities. Treatment strategies during migraine attacks should be tailored based on the severity of disability. Stewart and Lipton (1999) developed the Migrain...

OBJECTIVES Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients frequently suffer from headaches and fatigue, and many reports have linked headaches with intracranial and/or extracranial venous obstruction. We therefore designed a study involving MS patients diagnosed with obstructive disease of internal jugular veins (IJVs), with the aim of evaluating the impact of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) on h...

Background: Migraine and other recurrent headaches are considered a major public health concern. Levetiracetam, a broad spectrum anti-epileptic have been used in migraine prophylaxis. Objectives: Assessment the efficacy of levetiracetam on migraine in comparison to sodium valproate. Materials and Methods: This randomized double blind clinical trial was performed on patients with migraine ...

Background: Providing a self-care program appropriate for patient needs in a supportive educative nursing system format could reduce migraine-induced disability. This study was designed to determine the effectiveness of Orem's self-care program on headache related disability in migraine patients. Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, episodic migraine patients with or without aura who sig...

Volcanic crater lakes are isolated habitats that are particularly well suited to investigating ecological and evolutionary divergence and modes of speciation. However, the mode, frequency, and timing of colonization of crater lakes have been difficult to determine. We used a statistical comparative phylogeographic approach, based on a mitochondrialDNA dataset, to infer the colonization history ...