To improve the management of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected children, we assessed the burden of disease, clinical outcome and antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria causing severe community-acquired LRTI in children. A prospective, descriptive study was performed in the pediatric wards at a secondary and tertiary care hospital in...

Tranexamic acid was intra-articularly injected in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) to reduce blood loss and transfusion. However, no single study has been large enough to definitively determine whether it is safe and effective. To determine the safety and efficacy of intra-articular tranexamic acid in TKA, the authors searched various databases for relevant randomized controlled trials. Mean diffe...

BACKGROUND Plantar fasciitis (PF) is the most common reason for heel pain. The efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) as an ideal alternative to conservative treatments and surgery is controversial, and almost all previous articles compared general ESWT with placebo without indicating the kind of shock wave. We undertook a meta-analysis to compare the efficacy of general ESWT, foc...

OBJECTIVES Our objectives were to evaluate short- and long-term mortality associated with new-onset atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting and to identify preoperative and intraoperative patient characteristics associated with new-onset atrial fibrillation. METHODS Three independent investigators comprehensively reviewed the literature using Medline from 1960, Web of Scienc...

BACKGROUND Many common disorders across the lifespan feature impaired working memory (WM). Reported benefits of a WM training program include improving inattention in daily life, but this has not been evaluated in a meta-analysis. This study aimed to evaluate whether one WM training method has benefits for inattention in daily life by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS ...

BACKGROUND Results on the safety and long-term efficacy of drug-eluting stent placement in unprotected left main coronary artery disease (ULMCAD) compared with those of coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) remain inconsistent across randomized clinical trials and recent meta-analysis studies. We aimed to compare the clinical outcomes and safety over short- and long-term follow-ups by conductin...

A retrospective analysis on chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients 55 years of age) were...

Background: There has not been conclusive evidence for prevention of brain atrophy by anti-dementia drugs in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease. Methods: Relevant studies were identified through searches of PubMed, databases of the Cochrane Library, and PsycINFO citations up to 16 May, 2015. Only double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials of anti-dementia drugs ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Arterial spin-labeling is a noninvasive method to map cerebral blood flow, which might be useful for early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases. We directly compared 2 arterial spin-labeling techniques in healthy elderly controls and individuals with mild cognitive impairment. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective study was approved by the local ethics committee and...

BACKGROUND Acute ischemic strokes involving occlusion of large vessels usually recanalize poorly following treatment with intravenous thrombolysis. Recent studies have shown higher recanalization and higher good outcome rates with endovascular therapy compared with best medical management alone. A systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the benefits of all randomized controlled trials...