about 25-50% of graves' disease (gd) patients develop thyroid eye diseases, which is associated with inflammatory process and abnormalities in the levels of several cytokines in orbital tissues in gd.  the aim of this study was to determine the th1 and th2 serum cytokines in patients with gd with or without ophthalmopathy. serum  levels of  cytokines  and  autoantibodies  including interferon-g...

both genetic and environmental factors seem to play role in the etiology of meniere's disease (md). several genes may be involved in susceptibility of md including human leukocyte antigens (hla). the associations between md and hla alleles have been previously studied in other populations and certain hla alleles were shown to be predisposing. the aim of this study was to determine the associati...

background : seborrheic keratosis is a common, benign skin tumor. numerous reports have shown its possibility of malignant transformation. this study was designed to demonstrate the occurrence of concomitant seborrheic keratosis and skin cancers. methods : data was retrospectively reviewed from all patients with a diagnosis of seborrheic keratosis in pathology department of alzahra hospital and...

The occurrence of Clostridium difficile in nine wastewater treatment plants in the Ticino Canton (southern Switzerland) was investigated. The samples were collected from raw sewage influents and from treated effluents. Forty-seven out of 55 characterized C. difficile strains belonged to 13 different reference PCR ribotypes (009, 010, 014, 015, 039, 052, 053, 066, 070, 078, 101, 106, and 117), w...

•Patients with moderate AS have increased mortality compared matched controls.•Detrimental effect of applies to patients reduced and preserved EFs.•Patients low gradients also suffer mortality.•Future studies are needed examine the use aortic valve replacement in this population. BackgroundThere is a shortage data concerning natural history stenosis (AS). The aim study was assess on general pop...