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Protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes catalyze the phosphorylation of substrates that play key roles in the control in proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Treatment of cells with phorbol esters, activators of classical and novel PKC isozymes, leads to a plethora of responses in a strict cell-type–dependent specific manner. Interestingly, a few cell models undergo apoptosis in response to ph...

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New York City women (321) enrolled during 1986-1993 in an observational cohort study were analyzed retrospectively to determine the effectiveness of antenatal zidovudine in reducing perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in women with various CD4+ lymphocyte counts (< 200, 200-499, > 499/microL). When CD4+ lymphocyte level was controlled for, women prescribed zido...

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The efficacy of antiretroviral therapy to prevent motherto-child HIV transmission (MTCT) was first established in 1994. In that study by Connor and colleagues (PACTG 076) both mother and infant were treated with long courses of zidovudine, which reduced HIV transmission from 25 to 8% [1]. Since then, improved interventions in industrialized nations have further reduced MTCT rates to less than 2...

Ring signcryption is a cryptographic primitive, that allows an user to send a message in confidential, authentic and anonymous way, i.e. the recipient of the message is convinced that the message is valid and it comes from one of the ring member, but does not know the actual sender. In this paper, we show attacks on ring signcryption schemes by Li et al. (Li et al., 2008b) and Chung et al. (Chu...

Active transportation to school provides a means for youth to incorporate physical activity into their daily routines, and this has obvious benefits for child health. Studies of active transportation have rarely focused on the negative health effects in terms of injury. This cross-sectional study is based on the 2009/10 Canadian Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children survey. A sample of child...