OBJECTIVE Two experiments were performed to evaluate the effects of coated slow-release urea on nutrient digestion, ruminal fermentation, nitrogen utilization, blood glucose and urea concentration (Exp 1), and average daily gain (ADG; Exp 2) of steers. METHODS Exp 1: Eight ruminally fistulated steers [503±28.5 kg body weight (BW)] were distributed into a d 4×4 Latin square design and assigned...

Methane-oxidizing bacteria (methanotrophs) in the soil are a unique group of methylotrophic bacteria that utilize methane (CH4) as their sole source of carbon and energy which limit the flux of methane to the atmosphere from soils and consume atmospheric methane. A field experiment was conducted to determine the effect of nitrogen application rates and the nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide ...

A system was developed for evaluation of protein sources in ruminant diets. Two steer growth trials were conducted to determine if the system would differentiate between protein sources. Corn cob, corn-based diets were supplemented with urea or a test protein: soybean meal (SBM), a SBM-bentonite complex (SBMB), direct-cut dehydrated (DCD) or wilted dehydrated alfalfa (WD) or corn gluten meal (C...

In microbial processes for production of proteins, biomass and nitrogen-containing commodity chemicals, ATP requirements for nitrogen assimilation affect product yields on the energy producing substrate. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a current host for heterologous protein production and potential platform for production of nitrogen-containing chemicals, uptake and assimilation of ammonium requi...

Urea production rate (Ra) is commonly measured using a primed continuous tracer urea infusion, but the accuracy of this method has not been clearly established in humans. We used intravenous infusions of unlabeled urea to assess the accuracy of this technique in normal, postabsorptive men under the following four different conditions: 1) tracer [13C]urea was infused under basal conditions for 1...

Five Angus x Hereford steers with ruminal and duodenal fistulas were used in a 5 x 5 Latin square to determine effects of increasing the proportion of urea in supplemental degradable intake protein (DIP) on intake, fermentation, and digestion. Steers had ad libitum access to low-quality, tallgrass-prairie forage (2.4% CP, 76% NDF). Supplemental DIP (380 g/d) was from sodium caseinate and(or) ur...

A previously unknown metabolite necessary for growth of T strains of Mycoplasma in artificial culture media has been identified as urea. The source of this metabolite was the mammalian plasma or serum enrichment of the culture medium. Normal horse serum was the most satisfactory native protein enrichment for cultivation of T strains of mycoplasma, and it is believed that its superior performanc...

in order to evaluate different sources and rates of nitrogen on dry matter yield, concentration and uptake of primary macronutrients (nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium) in forage sorghum (hybrid of speedfeed), three levels of nitrogen (80, 160 and 240 kg n ha-1) from three n sources (urea fertilizer, cattle manure and equal combination of urea fertilizer + cattle manure) and the control (no f...