Ruminative coping has been shown to heighten the risk and severity of depression. The authors hypothesized that ruminators who smoke would experience greater depressive symptoms than ruminators who do not. The rationale is that, by heightening attentional focus, nicotine may increase ruminators' ability to focus on negative thoughts, augmenting depressed mood. Participants (N = 145) self-report...

We analyze the active-galaxy correlation reported in 2007 by the Pierre Auger Collaboration. The signal diminishes if the correlation-function approach (counting all “source–event” pairs and not only “nearest neighbours”) is used, suggesting that the correlation may reveal individual sources and not their population. We analyze available data on physical conditions in these individual correlate...

Abstract Research suggests that a number of cognitive processes—including pattern perception, intentionality bias, proportionality and confirmation bias—may underlie belief in conspiracy theory. However, there are reasons to believe theory beliefs also depend part on failure understand the probability actual events allegedly supporting those theories as well entertain disconfirming evidence may...

introduction: obtaining top academic position among countries of the middle east and having advanced knowledge and ability to produce knowledge are among the most important goals set in iran’s twenty-year vision. present study aimed to determine impact factor of specialized and technical journals of iran and to compare with selected countries and provide appropriate recommendation. methods: in ...

•Implementing the Paris Agreement targets will entail shifts in energy jobs•Globally, we find an increase direct global jobs under well-below 2°C•Over 80% of by 2050 are expected to be renewables•Solar and wind manufacturing sectors provide millions globally To keep warming 2°C, fossil fuels need dramatically decline replaced low-carbon sources. While technologies replace widely available, supp...

Over five years of daily hard X-ray (>20 keV) monitoring of the 2 min accretion-powered pulsar GX 1+4 with the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory/BATSE large-area detectors has found nearly continuous rapid spin-down, interrupted by a bright 200-d spin-up episode. During spin-down, the torque becomes more negative as the luminosity increases (assuming that the 20– 60 keV pulsed flux traces bolometri...

in this work, different types of chaotic 1-manifolds which lie on the chaotic spheres or on a torus are introduced. some types of retractions of the chaotic spheres affect on the 1-chaotic systems, and other types of retractions occur to the geometric manifold but make the 1-chaotic manifold invariant. the existed retractions are discussed through new proved theorems. also we construct diffe...